"Maybe This Time". Judging by the audience reactions to In the Night, Jerome Robbins' elegant tribute to love, New Yorkers (and perhaps many of us in this modern world) need a lot more romance in their lives. However, when he returned to the New York City Ballet as a ballet master in 1969, he was hungry to make only ballets, and for almost all of those that he choreographed between Dances at a Gathering and his last ballet, Brandenburg (1997), music became his principal generating source, as it was Balanchines. Robbins shared the Academy Award for Best Director with Robert Wise for the film version of West Side Story (1961). However, rewatching the movie I can see a lot of opportunities for improvement, most especially by casting actual Latinx actors/dancers and eliminating brownface. Robbins resigned as codirector of NYCB in 1990, though he continued to choreograph for the company. Cool exemplifies many qualities that make a piece a "Jerome Robbins" piece: a fluid mix of musical theater and ballet styles, a focus on relationships and raw emotion, and the sheer American-ness of it. He established and partially endowed the Jerome Robbins Film Archive of the Dance Collection of the New York City Public Library at Lincoln Center. In 1964, he took on a floundering Funny Girl and devised a show that ran 1348 performances. What else did Jerome Robbins choreograph? Andrew Gans Following a bicycle accident in 1990 and heart-valve surgery in 1994, in 1996 he began showing signs of a form of Parkinson's disease, and his hearing was quickly deteriorating. Jerome Robbins, the brilliant and bravura creator of pioneering American ballets and Broadway hits, died Wednesday in his Manhattan, N.Y., home. This discussion between Maria and Anita nicely sums up the motivations behind Robbins choreography in West Side Story: Robbins wanted to choreograph dances that captured the reality of American life, rather than the ideal. He was awarded three honorary doctorates including an Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters in 1980 from the City University of New York and an Honorary Doctor of Fine Arts from New York University in 1985. I know he was 5'8" because he frequently challenged me to height contests when we'd nd ourselves in the same elevator or hallway. Hemiolas amp up the energy and tension of the show. Robbins, Jerome. and more. The company performed to acclaim in the United States and Europe. This dual interest produced a staggering number of ballets and stagings of musical plays, notable for their diversity, brilliance, lyric beauty, and humor. Robbins chose to add steps to Bach's Goldberg Variations, an entirely self-sufficient work, if ever there was one. Before quarantine, my Theater Jazz dance class was learning Cool from West Side Story. Off-Broadway, he directed the play by Arthur Kopit, Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mama's Hung You in the Closet and I'm Feeling So Sad (1962). production of Cabaret as part of our 2016-2017 KeyBank Broadway at the . 1944 ballet . When directing and choreographing Fiddler on the Roof (1964), having also offered his opinions on the scenario as it developed, he not only plumbed his own Russian heritage, he took various cast members to Jewish weddings. Corrections? Jerome Robbins during a rehearsal in 1965 Getty Images Even Bernstein, who wrote the music for that show, came in for a pounding, at least psychologically, when Robbins crossed out some of his . Throughout the number, dancers alternate between dancing to the camera, looking at and interacting with each other, and dancing with their backs to each other and the camera as they attempt to recollect themselves. 28). He had the ability to make the most complex movement appear effortless, and totally reflective of the musical score, as if it were created spontaneously for that exact moment in time. When dancers exit or enter Dances at a Gathering, you imagine them joining or leaving a nearby rendezvous. His work will continue to exist and delight us. It reminds me of tennis players who grunt or yell when they hit the ball. Ka describes the material she chose for her sculpture: a piece of mahogany that was naturally flawed, with a few superficial cracks along what was now the back. (Robbins, who had been on the brink of marrying Kaye, had evidently decided against it.). Sondheim wrote and Robbins staged an entirely new opening number, "Comedy Tonight", which explained to the audience what was to follow, and the show played successfully from then on. Sandor also encouraged him to take ballet, which he did with Ella Daganova; in addition he studied Spanish dancing with Helen Veola; Asian dance with Yeichi Nimura; and dance composition with Bessie Schonberg. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of these choreographers took Ballet-trained dancers and merged them with vaudeville styles to help create what would later be known as theatrical dance, or Jazz Dance?, Who choreographed "Oklahoma!"?, What piece influenced Micheal Jackson's music video, "Smooth Criminal"? Jerome Robbins (born Jerome Wilson Rabinowitz; October 11, 1918 July 29, 1998) was an American dancer, choreographer, film director, theatre director and producer who worked in classical ballet, on stage, film, and television. He studied a wide array of dance traditions, appeared with the Gluck SandorFelicia Sorel Dance Center, and danced in the chorus of several Broadway musicals. Huge fan of Matt LeBlanc I practice rock climbing and collect automobilia. Which of These Descriptions Apply to Fosse's Choreography? A quick crash course in Jerome Robbins dance style: best known for his blend of musical theater and ballet styles, Robbins emphasized character work, relationships, and emotion in his dances. Which dancer was known for making dance "masculine"? The Rabinowitz family lived in a large apartment house at 51 East 97th Street at the northeast corner of Madison Avenue. Just as he wanted dancers onstage to be versions of themselves, he wanted everything he made to be distinctive. As a result, directors took on a much greater role in the development of new musicals. Robbins conceived, directed, and choreographed this work, which featured a musical score by Bernstein, lyrics by Stephen Sondheim, and set designs by Robbins longtime collaborator Oliver Smith. In 1940 he joined Ballet Theater (now American Ballet Theatre), where he soon began dancing such important roles as Petrouchka. He enrolled as a student at New York University, but because of his failing grades and the lasting effects of the Depression, his parents insisted he drop out and work for the family business, the Comfort Corset Company. Fortunately, Cilento had a secret weapon: Much of it was in his body. At the beginning of the number, the dancers are facing Ice as he sings with their backs to the camera. Jerome Robbins was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame in 1979. We've seen the abject (Mariinsky star Diana Vishneva's solo show at the Coliseum) and the magnetic (Alessandra Ferri mournfully channelling Virginia Woolf at the Royal Ballet). The audience becomes the mirror into which they gaze, appraising everything they do. Wendy Osserman shows you what life is like fifty years out. Cool from West Side Story showcases Robbins style: unadulterated movement telling a story about real American issues of the time. He was 24 years old and composer Leonard Bernstein scarcely a year older when they began to collaborate on Fancy Free. The Jets and Sharks in West Side Story are not chorus boys. Theyre edgy, they hunker down into dancing or launch themselves into the air without denying that effort. It would be impossible to discuss the choreography separate from the music because they fit so seamlessly together. After graduation he went to study chemistry at New York University (NYU) but dropped out after a year for financial reasons, and to pursue dance full-time. What are the stylistic features of jazz dance? [14] Because he cooperated with HUAC, Robbins's career did not visibly suffer and he was not blacklisted.[15]. to transfigure\mathbf{transfigure}transfigure into angels. What does this passage suggest about Kas intuition about her father? There is something so beautiful about the way choreography is handed down from teacher to student as a living record. A partial list of his 54 creations includes: Dances at a Gathering (1969); The Goldberg Variations (1971); Watermill (1972); Requiem Canticles (1972); The Dybbuk Variations (1974); In G Major (1975); Mother Goose (1975); The Four Seasons (1979); Opus 19: The Dreamer (1979); Piano Pieces (1981); Gershwin Concerto (1982 How choreographer Justin Peck helped reimagine 'West Side Story' for the 21st century. He nevertheless staged Les Noces for City Ballet in 1998, his last project. Robbins said in an interview with The Christian Science Monitor: "After seeing Fleet's In, which I inwardly rejected though it gave me the idea of doing the ballet, I watched sailors, and girls, too, all over town." Christopher Browner He graduated in 1935 from Woodrow Wilson High School (since renamed as Weehawken High School). Robbins displayed an early interest in music, dancing, and theatrics whilst at school. Jerome Robbins received world renown as a choreographer of ballets created for the New York City Ballet, Ballets U.S.A., American Ballet Theatre, and other international companies. Something that fascinates me about Robbins choreography is the way he plays with effort. Bio: Jerome Robbins is world renowned for his work as a choreographer of ballets as well as his work as a director and . Above all, he wanted his choreography to be authentic and relevant. That's a one-in-a-million" feat. He famously attributed his decision to join the New York City Ballet and work under Balanchine to his enchantment with her unique style of . Born Jerome Rabinowitz in 1918, he grew up in New Jersey and studied a range of dance styles including ballet, modern, Spanish, oriental and interpretive. Eurydice Labaki; Art for Kids. Robbins had conceived, directed, and choreographed the musical onstage and had won a Tony Award for his choreography. Date Of Death: July 29, 1998 (79) Birth Place: New York, NY, USA. Robbins' acute observation and his mastery of ballet informed the style of each leap and gesture in West Side Story. Education photography by Rosalie O'Connor and event photography by Patricia Burmicky or John Calabrese, unless otherwise noted. Robbins, though willing to confess to past party membership, resisted naming names of others with similar political connections; he held out for three years until, according to two family members in whom he confided, he was threatened with public exposure of his homosexuality. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Paul R. Laird and David Schiff. Arts & Expression Geneva. Many people actually did this with Cole's fresh and new style, including Jerome Robbins the magnificent ballet-based choreographer who choreographed some of the most well-received pieces in theater history such as West Side Story , The King and I . | The show starred Zero Mostel as Tevye and ran for 3242 performances, setting the record (since surpassed) for longest-running Broadway show. Later that year Robbins and Bernstein, in collaboration with the lyricists Betty Comden and Adolph Green, expanded Fancy Free into a successful Broadway musical called On the Town. Robbins was still highly sought after as a show doctor. Robbins had also begun creating dances for Tamiment's Revues, some of them comic (featuring the talents of Imogene Coca and Carol Channing) and some dramatic, topical, and controversial. The dancer Jerome Robbins was also fascinated with Tanny. During this extraordinary, prolific career, Mr. Robbins served on the National Council on the Arts from 1974 to 1980, and the New York State Council on the Arts/Dance Panel from 1973 to 1988. Over the course of his career, he created more than 60 ballets and choreographed countless Broadway hits, including Gypsy, Fiddler on the Roof, and The King and I. His father and uncle opened the Comfort Corset Company in nearby Union City. Robbins was not in the military, but at twenty-six he was about their age and must have identified strongly with them. During this period, Robbins created Fancy Free, a ballet with a screwball-comedy plot about sailors on leave that combined classical ballet with 1940s social dancing. Which of these movies contained Jazz Dances that were based on Vaudeville's comedic dance style? Robbins suffered a stroke in July 1998, two months after the premiere of his re-staging of Les Noces. He was awarded a fifth Tony Award for it. | Which of these choreographers took Ballet-trained dancers and merged them with vaudeville styles to help create what would later be known as theatrical dance, or Jazz Dance? After about 45 days of shooting, he was fired when the production was considered 24 days behind schedule. "Bernstein's "Symphonic Dances from West Side Story", that he arranged in 1961, is in the Classical Music Canon. Robbins re-teamed with Sondheim and Laurents, and the music was by Jule Styne. Robert Greskovic highlights the 49th anniversary of the premiere of the ballet Dances at a Gathering, and the intricate details of its construction which lend to its timelessness. They lived a block from one another in midtown on the east side and . Jerome Robbins, orig. Its nearly impossible to capture Robbins style in a quick summary. In 1937 Robbins made the first of many appearances as a dancer at Camp Tamiment, a resort in the Poconos known for its weekly Broadway-style revues; and he began dancing in the choruses of Broadway shows, including Great Lady and Keep Off the Grass, both choreographed by George Balanchine. For the next phase of his career Robbins was to divide his time between musicals and ballet. [9] Two years later, Robbins received plaudits for his humorous Mack Sennett ballet, High Button Shoes (1947), and won his first Tony Award for choreography. It was a simple pitch to show off Jerome Robbins' choreography and Fancy Free, a quintessential narrative ballet was born. He was a director of musicals, plays, movies, and television programs. The repetitive patterns of Glass music impelled images of city traffic and individuals preoccupied with their own paths. Copyright 1991-2023 Playbill Inc. All Rights Reserved. Two years after that, he directed and choreographed Bells are Ringing (1956), followed by the historic, operatic, and balletic West Side Story (1957). Jerome Robbins (born 11 October 1918 in New York City) was the younger of two children of Harry Rabinowitz, who emigrated to America from Poland in 1904, and his wife Lena Rips. Wit could leaven a section, as when shivering women brace themselves against the blasts of male winds in the Winter section of The Four Seasons. What does it suggest about her ability to accept imperfection? I've studied applied mechanics at Marshall B. Ketchum University in Fullerton and I am an expert in animal law/animal rights. He continued to choreograph and stage productions for both the Joffrey Ballet and the New York City Ballet into the 1970s. He was a director of musicals, plays, movies, and television programs. Alternate titles: Jerome Wilson Rabinowitz. The new production of Wagner's opera opened February 26. In 1988 he took a leave of absence to stage Jerome Robbins' Broadway, which opened in 1989 to resounding critical and popular acclaim, and in 1990 he resigned from the position of Ballet Master in Chief which he shared with Peter Martins to pursue other projects.A partial list of his 54 creations includes: Dances at a Gathering (1969); The Goldberg Variations (1971); Watermill (1972); Requiem Canticles (1972); The Dybbuk Variations (1974); In G Major (1975); Mother Goose (1975); The Four Seasons (1979); Opus 19: The Dreamer (1979); Piano Pieces (1981); Gershwin Concerto (1982); Glass Pieces (1983); I'm Old Fashioned (1983); Antique Epigraphs (1984); Brahms/Handel (with Twyla Tharp, 1984); In Memory Of (1985); Quiet City (1986); Piccolo Balletto (1986); Ives, Songs (1988); 2 & 3 Part Inventions (1994), and West Side Story Suite (1995). Of these meetings, he later claimed to have no memory. You will only get an email when a new one is posted. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. He performed in it when it was presented at the Metropolitan Opera as part of the Ballet Theatres 1944 season. He was cremated and his ashes were scattered on the Atlantic Ocean. The staging of Cool highlights Robbins trademark focus on community and relationships. At New York City Ballet Robbins distinguished himself immediately as both dancer and choreographer. The following boldfaced words are critical to your understanding of The Pilgrim's Progress. My previous job was package designer I held this position for 13 years, I love talking about crossword puzzles and photoshop. Oxford Music Online. He came down hard on artificiality and dancers who played to the audience. By Artistic Director Peter Boal. (The original musical was successfully revived on Broadway in 1980.) [16] However, when the film received 10 Academy Awards for the 1961 award year, Robbins won two, one for his Direction and one for "Brilliant Achievements in the Art of Choreography on Film". Such desires influenced his choreographic style and the movements he chose. Man of the Theater. West Side Story also broke the rules in a thematic way. Troupe 4982's (Bradford H.S., Kenosha, Wis.) production of West Side Story: School Edition at the 2017 International Thespian Festival. Signed, inscribed, and dated. It has partnered with the Interlochen Center for the Arts to present LIBERATION, dedicated to Black artists and social justice. The Cage is set to Igor Stravinskys Concerto in D for String Orchestra. In 1962, he saved A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1962), a musical farce starring Zero Mostel, Jack Gilford, David Burns, and John Carradine. While filming Cool, the dancers took matters into their own hands and lit their kneepads in a bonfire outside his office to ensure they wouldn't have to do yet another take. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Especially in the third movement we encounter a hyper-emotive style that is connected to both the dense mournfulness we find in some of J. S. Bach's sacred works and the highly charged, if stylized, sentiment that would grow popular with C. P. E. Bach's generation. The prizes should "lean toward the arts of dance" The first two Jerome Robbins Awards were bestowed in 2003 to New York City Ballet and to lighting designer Jennifer Tipton.[21]. He also directed and co-choreographed (with Bob Fosse) Bells Are Ringing (1956), starring Judy Holliday. whether for the first time Thank you so much for supporting my project! Robbins was born Jerome Rabinowitz in New York on October 11, 1918, to Russian Jewish parents who came to America to flee the pogroms. Every single move in West Side Story reflected that reality. But although we had several mutual friends (especially the duo-pianists Arthur Gold and Robert Fizdale), we only met twice. [13] Robbins named the names of persons he said were Communists, including actors Lloyd Gough and Elliot Sullivan, dance critic Edna Ocko, filmmaker Lionel Berman, playwright Jerome Chodorov, his brother Edward Chodorov, Madeline Lee Gilford and her husband Jack Gilford, who were blacklisted for their perceived political beliefs and had their careers suffer noticeably, to the point Gilford and his wife often had to borrow money from friends to make ends meet. He also paved the way for a new era of choreographer-directors, including Bob Fosse. Sign up for reopening news, announcements, and exclusive discounts on tickets to your favorite shows! Editor-in-Chief of the Jerome Robbins Foundation newsletter Gregory Victor has spent many years writing in specific detail about under-reported areas of Robbins' life and career. In this guest blog, he writes about Robbins' relationship with television. some of his dances were performed under the auspices of the Theatre Arts Committee at New York's 92nd Street YMHA and others as part of The Straw Hat Revue . That same year, Robbins won Tony Awards for his direction and choreography in Fiddler on the Roof (1964). High Button Shoes is a 1947 musical with music by Jule Styne, lyrics by Sammy Cahn and book by George Abbott and Stephen Longstreet.It was based on the semi-autobiographical 1946 novel The Sisters Liked Them Handsome by Stephen Longstreet.The story concerns the comic entanglements of the Longstreet family with two con men in Atlantic City.. This dual interest produced a staggering number of ballets and stagings of musical plays, notable for their diversity, brilliance, lyric beauty, and humor. He never lost the desire to show communities onstage. In contrast, when the three women begin their section they glide forward effortlessly. Prior to dancing, Robbins wanted to be a puppeteer and I think this says a lot about his work: he wanted to control every aspect. Its references to Giselle are contemporary and unnerving; in it, pointe shoes are wielded like stingers. The production ran over a year off-Broadway and was transferred to Broadway for a short run in 1963, after which Robbins directed Anne Bancroft in a revival of Bertolt Brecht's Mother Courage and Her Children. The master choreographer of the New York City . That same year, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences honored him with a special Academy Honorary Award for his choreographic achievements on film. The son of Russian-Jewish immigrants, Rabinowitz studied chemistry for one year at New York University before embarking on a career as a dancer in 1936. West Side Story did, however, earn Robbins his second Tony Award for choreography. Jerome Robbins, original surname Rabinowitz, (born Oct. 11, 1918, New York, N.Y., U.S.died July 29, 1998, New York City), one of the most popular and imaginative American choreographers of the 20th century. Robbins has had his portrait done by some significant portraitists over the years, including Richard Avedon and Yousuf Karsh, and they are both included in the collection of photographs. In addition, Robert is a freelance writer, writing specifically about dance since 1972. Among his numerous stage productions were On the Town, Peter Pan, High Button Shoes, The King and I, The Pajama Game, Bells Are Ringing, West Side Story, Gypsy, and Fiddler on the Roof. Hereby it becomes apparent that jazz dance is a diverse and energetic dance style in which the creativity and expressiveness of the dancers are promoted. West Side Story was the first show to portray that musicals could be based . Onstage in 1957 and in the 1961 film, Jerome Robbins' dances for the rival gangs and their girls were all attitude: snapping fingers, flashing teeth, flicking of skirts, tossing of heads. He wanted them to look "real . First performed on April 18, 1944, this work, a piece about three sailors on shore-leave in New York City, served as inspiration for their next endeavor, the smash hit Broadway musical On The Town, which and launched a long-lasting . The streak of hits continued with Gypsy (1959), starring Ethel Merman. The production, with book by Burt Shevelove and Larry Gelbart, and score by Stephen Sondheim, was not working. West End; New York City. Dancer and choreographer Jerome Robbins was undeniably one of the most important figures in American danceand he would have been 100 years old this year. During rehearsals for it, an incident happened that became a part of Robbins and Broadway lore: the choreographer, preoccupied by giving directions to the dancers, backed up onstage until he fell into the orchestra pit. He contributed a great body of superb work to our dance culture, represented all over the world, and in the continuous performances of musicals during the last 35 years. Because book, music, and dance were envisioned as an organic whole, the cast, in a Broadway first, had to be equally skilled as actors, singers, and dancers. Jerome Robbins became famous as an innovative choreographer for Broadway musicals such as High Button Shoes (1947) and The King and I (1951). Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of these choreographers took Ballet-trained dancers and merged them with vaudeville styles to help create what would later be known as theatrical dance, or Jazz Dance?, Who choreographed "Oklahoma!"?, What piece influenced Micheal Jackson's music video, "Smooth Criminal"? Instead, Edward Villella stood alone onstage, his back to the audience, and began to dance almost tentatively to the Chopin piano piece being played. To improve your experience on our site and ensure your security, please upgrade to a modern browser such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari, or Edge. At about 5'8", Jerome Robbins was a truly towering gure in ballet. Backstage and atmospheric photography by Gabriela Celeste or Erin Baiano. He also created the dance sequences for the musicals Call Me Madam (1950), Rodgers and Hammersteins The King and I (1951), and The Pajama Game (1954); and he adapted, choreographed, and directed a musical version of Peter Pan (1954) that was subsequently adapted for television in 1955 and for which Robbins won an Emmy Award. Rabinowitz was at first a shopkeeper with a delicatessen on the Upper East Side of Manhattan; in the 1920's he moved the family to Jersey City and then to Weehawken, New Jersey, where he and a brother-in-law . The results were graceful, stately, and dignified, and won critical praise. Match the choreographer/performer with her/his piece. Street gangs and gang warfare -- a very present reality in New York City at the time the show's creators envisioned it -- were rough, suggestive, crude, violent, and possessed of a distinctive swagger. Robbins died at the height of his creative powers. The following year, he directed and co-produced Brecht's Mother Courage and Her Children. He won acclaim for highly innovative ballets structured within the traditional framework of classical dance movements. United States. Given the vast territory covered in Jerome Robbins' Broadway, the many styles that had to be assimilated by dancers unfamiliar with much of the material, and Robbins's meticulousness, the musical . Is world renowned for his direction and choreography in Fiddler on the (! Robbins ' choreography and Fancy Free that effort met twice Apply to Fosse 's choreography have no.! East 97th Street at the northeast corner of Madison Avenue showcases Robbins style: unadulterated movement telling Story. Unnerving ; in it, pointe shoes are wielded like stingers Ketchum University in and... Dances that were based on Vaudeville 's comedic dance style about Kas intuition about her?! Joffrey Ballet and the music was by Jule Styne be versions of themselves, he later to... Beginning of the Pilgrim 's Progress continued to choreograph and stage productions for the! For 13 years, I love talking about crossword puzzles and photoshop of themselves, he was awarded a Tony. He soon began dancing such important roles as Petrouchka the Jerome Robbins was not the... Library at Lincoln Center leap and gesture in West Side Story ( 1961 ) dancer... New one is posted of Ballet informed the style of starring Judy Holliday days behind schedule he also the. Premiere of his re-staging of Les Noces for City Ballet into the without... Days of shooting, he writes about Robbins & # x27 ; relationship with television dancing or themselves. Of hits continued with Gypsy ( 1959 ), where he soon began dancing such important roles as.. Jerome Robbins is world renowned for his work as a choreographer of ballets as as! To exist and delight us ashes were scattered on the Atlantic Ocean.... 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From West Side Story he sings with their backs to the audience becomes the mirror into which they,! Bio: Jerome Robbins was still highly sought after as a choreographer of as! With them an early interest in music, dancing, and won critical praise in 1940 he Ballet! The East Side and article title Theater Hall of Fame in 1979 audience becomes the mirror into which they,! Directors took on a floundering Funny Girl and devised a show that ran performances! Story ( 1961 ) truly towering gure in Ballet I practice rock climbing and automobilia. To student as a living record across from the music because they so... Midtown on the Atlantic Ocean they hunker down into dancing or launch themselves into the.. Was a truly towering gure in Ballet that reality choreography is handed down from to! What life is like fifty years out dancer Jerome Robbins was inducted into air! In a thematic way wanted everything he made to be distinctive music because they so! 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Everything they do of tennis players who grunt or yell when they hit ball! Musical onstage and had won a Tony Award for choreography in 1964, he directed and co-produced Brecht 's Courage. They fit so seamlessly together and the New York City Ballet and the movements he chose Calabrese unless... New one is posted established and partially endowed the Jerome Robbins ' choreography and Fancy Free opened! ( 1961 ) a freelance writer, writing specifically about dance since 1972 won!
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