NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF STATE LEGISLATURES 2 Strengthening . Candidates have qualified to run in the new districts. Every ten years state lawmakers hold a special session in order to redraw the lines for state House, state Senate and Congressional districts based on new U.S. Census data. Source: U.S. Bureau of Census, Census 2020, DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171), Tables P1, P2; Total Population equals the sum of the White, Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Other Race, and Two or More Races. Ron DeSantis on Tuesday vetoed the congressional redistricting maps approved by Florida's Legislature, calling lawmakers back to Tallahassee for a special session in April. After U.S. Census data is released, the district lines for the Georgia State House, State Senate, and U.S. House of Representatives must be redrawn to. Georgia's General Assembly finished drawing new congressional and legislative districts last month, although Gov. Observers estimate that legislators will take at least two . Who benefits: Small boost for GOP. Redistricting is the process by which new congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn. (The Center Square) - Georgia's 2022 elections will stay on track despite delays in 2020 census data, the Senate Reapportionment and Redistricting Committee chairman said. Who benefits: Small boost for GOP. Name Last modified Size Description Georgia's redistricting process will be about two months behind when the General Assembly convenes for the Nov. 3 special session. The Top 7 things you should know about Redistricting in Georgia Normally map-drawing would be going on now but the pandemic and delayed data collection for the census postponed the process. Federal judge upholds Georgia redistricting for 2022 elections — Republicans drew maps to gain a seat in Congress — A federal judge has ruled that Georgia's redrawn political maps can remain in place for this year's elections, deciding that it's too close to the state's May 24 primary election … Alabama: Congress: House: Senate: Alaska-Senate: Arizona: Congress Below are some frequently asked questions regarding Georgia's redistricting and how it might impact voters in DeKalb County. Photo via the Georgia Senate. 1381. The bill now goes to the governor for signature. The ink is dry on new congressional, state house and senate districts, and most local redistricting is complete. Georgia House and Senate committees continue to hold hearings across the state on redistricting, but no one knows what the maps will look like. The Georgia Congressional District map, here in its 2020 configuration, could look considerably different when the Georgia General Assembly — currently controlled by Republicans — conducts its once-per-decade redrawing of the map in 2021. 2020 Census Redistricting Data: Georgia . Georgia Nov 19, 2021 The Georgia Senate passed a congressional redistricting plan bill ( SB 2EX ). Nov. 9, 2021, at 8:44 p.m. Georgia Senate Roll Call Vote on State Senate Redistricting. the most populous district. end of header. Democrats and redistricting advocates will keep watch on whether proposed congressional and state legislative maps take into account Georgia's increasingly diverse population: Since 2011, the . Hate crimes spiked in the city that year. Officials warn a trucker convoy . While racial gerrymandering is against the law, partisan gerrymandering is legal and rampant in many US states, including Georgia. ATLANTA - Today, in response to public hearings on the redistricting process in Georgia coming to a close before the Census Bureau has released relevant data, civil rights and progressive organizations urged elected leaders to improve government transparency and provide an avenue for public input on fair redistricting and the map drawing process. The maps on this page show population patterns for current districts based on 2020 Census data and, for congressional districts, the number of seats apportioned to each state based on the 2020 Census. 2020 Census Demographic Data Map Viewer Learn more about our data and if you need a . There are two ways to change our redistricting process: legal and legislative. As Census Data Drops, SPLC Calls on Georgia Legislators to End Sham Process and Meaningfully Include Georgians in Community Districting August 12, 2021 ATLANTA - Today the U.S. Census Bureau publicly released critical data that will be essential in the Georgia General Assembly's decennial redistricting process. a process known as redistricting. The Republican-drawn new congressional map seeks to flip back one of the two suburban Atlanta seats that turned blue by the end of the previous decade. Some have floated discussing property insurance woes, data privacy . the least populous district and. Redistricting FAQ Every ten years, the boundaries of the state districts are redrawn by the state legislature based on figures from the Census. Redistricting Presentation to Georgia Redistricting Committees Ben Williams Program Principal, Elections and Redistricting August 30, 2021. In Georgia, the legislature is not subject to state open records or open meetings laws, limiting the public's ability to monitor the redistricting process. . In 2011, the Georgia General Assembly began the redistricting process in August. Pendergrass v. Raffensperger. Brian Kemp for Nov. 3. In another blow, the Ohio Supreme Court indicated on Tuesday that it would not rule before the state . Below are some frequently asked questions regarding Georgia's redistricting and how it might impact voters in DeKalb County. The state House approved a new map that helps the GOP stay in power . Two Democratic congresswomen in Georgia will face off in subsequent 12 months's midterm election after the Republican-controlled state legislature redrew considered one of many two lawmakers' districts to make it safely purple. It would impact Georgia's 162nd, 163rd and 165th districts. Should census data reveal that redistricting is advisable, the next task for the city is to figure out how to accomplish the task. average distance between a voter and. There are practically infinite ways to redraw the boundaries for Georgia's state and congressional legislative districts, but only a few will be up for debate in the special session beginning Wednesday. The state senate voted to pass a Republican proposal Tuesday. News, lawsuits, housing and demography stories, links giving Census details, methods and occasional OC … Brian Kemp offers a pen to Eleanor Taylor, 3, of Sugar Hill, Ga., on Tuesday, March 29, 2022 after signing a law allowing parents to opt their children out of public school mask . True to his word, Gov. Lawmakers must redraw legislative maps every 10 years to correspond with updated U.S. Census Bureau data. Rep. Lucy McBath launched Monday that . As of now, the special session will only focus on congressional redistricting. The state House and Senate committees in charge of redistricting will hold a joint virtual town hall meeting next week to start gathering feedback from Georgia residents. U.S. Census Bureau Delivers Georgia's 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting The U.S. Census Bureau today released more detailed 2010 Census population totals and demographic characteristics to the governor and leadership of the state legislature in Georgia. As the release date of the 2010 Census data gets closer, the process of redistricting will begin across Georgia. 2014 Georgia Municipal Redistricting Guide . Georgia redistricting maps get varying grades from analysts. Skip to main content. Click the . Any raw data that the Committee on Reapportionment and Redistricting has used or will use as part of the decennial redistricting process following the 2020 Census to draw draft and/or final district maps for the Georgia House of Representatives, Georgia State Senate, and U.S. Congressional districts, which could include any of the following: "This is the population data all the way down to the block level that really provides folks the ability to draw maps," said Johnson, Georgia State director for All On The Line, a national campaign created to improve equity in the political and voting process, including redistricting. Redistricting takes place every ten years. Last . When this data is collected, states are required to redraw their voting district maps - a process called redistricting - to ensure equal representation. Georgia state lawmakers are working on a new house district map. Data Showcases Weaknesses in Proposed Georgia Congressional Map September 30th, 2021, 3:51pm by Sam Wang First, Quick Observations The draft Georgia Congressional map received a C overall in our Redistricting Report Card, a project of the Princeton Gerrymandering Project and RepresentUS. These demographic changes must result in maps that adequately reflect Georgia's diversity. Some Georgia counties and municipalities already ended the practice of prison-based gerrymandering within their own boarders. (Source: Georgia General Assembly) As . The Bureau provided redistricting data as legacy format summary files on August 12, 2021. A man is charged in an Asian immigrant's 2021 killing in NYC. The map received a C in Partisan Fairness, with an . The draft Georgia Congressional map received a C overall in our Redistricting Report Card, a project of the Princeton Gerrymandering Project and RepresentUS. By Democracy Docket. Change from old maps: +11 Democratic-leaning seats, -6. While normally the Census Bureau releases data in April, this year it will likely be September before the committees have the final numbers showing demographic shifts across the state. Like many other states, Georgia redistricting officials rely primarily on the accuracy of Census data to . GEORGIA'S PRELIMINARY DATA ESTIMATES Preliminary data from the 2019 American Community Survey reflect the tremendous changes in the diversity of the voting age population in Georgia. The plan still needs to pass the Georgia House and then be signed by the governor to become final. First, Quick Observations. Atlanta, GA 30334 Anna Wrigley Miller Republican leadership released the proposed redistricting maps in August and the state legislature approved it later that month. The next phase of the battle over the Georgia redistricting maps is […] Demographics. On Tuesday, the arduous process of redrawing Denver City Council's district boundaries hit a prominent checkpoint when they voted to approve the final redistricting map for the City and County of . Lawsuit filed on behalf of Georgia voters challenging the state's new congressional map enacted following the release of 2020 census data. Fair Districts GA. Website: fairdistrictsga.org Mission: Fair Districts GA is a non-partisan, non-profit organization that works to encourage a fair and transparent redistricting process in Georgia. Candidates have qualified to run in the new districts. Below you can access a variety of data used in the Caddo Parish School Board redistricting process. Georgia Redistricting Lawsuits for U.S. House Likely to Begin Trial on February 7 Posted on January 26, 2022 by Richard Winger The three Georgia lawsuits over the boundaries of the U.S. House districts will probably have a trial beginning February 7. The Census Bureau will be releasing the full redistricting data toolkit by September 20, 2021. The U.S. Census Bureau delivered its 2010 census data to Georgia officials in March 2011. Locally our numbers have changed significantly. ATLANTA (AP) — The Georgia Senate voted 34-21 on Tuesday to pass Senate Bill 1EX, which would redraw . ATLANTA — Georgia lawmakers approved a second Republican redistricting map Wednesday. In Georgia, the legislature is not subject to state open records or open meetings laws, limiting the public's ability to monitor the redistricting process. Free and open company data on Georgia (US) company Georgia Redistricting Services LLC (company number 21273350), 3625 Cumberland Blvd SE, Suite 130, Atlanta, GA, 30339 This year, Republicans fully controlled redistricting, just as they did in 2011 after the previous census. Georgia Show more Institution In June 2019, the US Supreme Court ruled in a 5-4 decision that federal courts have no power over partisan gerrymandering. Updated: 11:30 PM EST November 10, 2021. The complaint argues that the new map violates Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act (VRA) because it . Welcome to The Ballot Bulletin, where we track developments in election policy at the federal, state, and local level.In this month's issue: Redistricting round-up: U.S. Census Bureau releases block-level population data (and other news) U.S. District Court temporarily suspends Georgia voting law barring photographs of voted ballots Each of Georgia's 14 United States Representatives and 236 state legislators are elected from political divisions called districts. The next phase of the battle over the Georgia redistricting maps is […] When this data is collected, states are required to redraw their voting district maps - a process called redistricting - to ensure equal representation. Georgia House and Senate committees continue to hold hearings across the state on redistricting, but no one knows what the maps will look like. 1 state to watch for new redistricting or voting rights litigation, said Marc Elias, a voting rights attorney who frequently represents the Democratic Party.. Will your district need to expand or shrink? Yao Xie, assistant professor in the H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, analyzed multiple data sources—911 calls, traffic data from the Georgia Department of Transportation, and Atlanta census numbers—to identify patrol patterns and help predict future officer workloads. Georgia Congressional Redistricting Challenge. Brian Kemp (R) has yet to sign them into law. Last Friday, a judge in Maryland invalidated a heavily gerrymandered congressional map that would have likely created a seven-to-one split favoring Democrats. Table of Contents . There are 181 Democratic-leaning seats, 177 Republican-leaning seats and 33 highly competitive seats in the new maps so far. Explore How . Georgia is the No. Race Redistricting Research Voting and Registration A - Z Explore Data Main Census Academy Combining Data . The ink is dry on new congressional, state house and senate districts, and most local redistricting is complete. Commit to supporting AAPI voters today: . 2020 Redistricting Data Due: April 1 (by federal statute) Delivered: August 12 More. Georgia did not set a specific redistricting deadline for the 2020 redistricting cycle. These maps reveal population shifts that will set the stage for post-2020 redistricting. Fair and equal representation will not take place under the current process. While normally the Census Bureau releases data in April, this year it will likely be September before the committees have the final numbers showing demographic shifts across the state. Last . Georgia Redistricting to Diminish Rural Lawmakers, Influence. The maps that are drawn in 2021 need to take Georgia's The next big political battle in Georgia: Redistricting. Georgia State Data Center Governor's Office of Planning and Budget 270 Washington Street, S.W. In 2001 and 2011, the guidelines adopted by the redistricting committees included provisions stating that all "formal meetings" of the full committees would be open to the public. In 2001 and 2011, the guidelines adopted by the redistricting committees included provisions stating that all "formal meetings" of the full committees would be open to the public. The redistricting process is driven by data gathered in the 2020 U.S. Census. Georgia's redistricting schedule derailed by Census delays in reporting population. December 2, 2021. From 2010 data. Georgia will receive fourteen congressional seats. This article comes from Krista Brewer of the Political Peach News The political map drawing is over. The data available for our states are Precinct Boundary and Election Results, Aggregated Voter File Data, Incumbent Addresses (by request), Population Projections, PL 94-171, Legislative Boundaries, American Community Survey (ACS), Citizen Voting Age Projections (CVAP) and TIGER Boundary files. the center of their district (in kilometers) 18.506585892. difference in population between. The Georgia House passed the congressional redistricting bill ( SB 2EX ). Georgia Senate possible district map from my solver. Those data are available for download. Palacios addressed her observations to a media forum on redistricting organized by the Georgia Immigrant Rights Alliance (GIRA) and Ethnic Media Services in anticipation of Georgia's upcoming special legislative session on redistricting called by Georgia Gov. Over the past few days, Democrats' redistricting prospects have dimmed in key states. Redistricting FAQ Every ten years, the boundaries of the state districts are redrawn by the state legislature based on figures from the Census. Back in 2010 . Georgia's majority Republicans may have to sacrifice some rural GOP incumbents as they work to redraw House and Senate districts to . Data Showcases Weaknesses in Proposed Georgia Congressional Map September 30th, 2021, 3:51pm by Sam Wang . Larger Georgia Senate map. Census data shows that nonwhites accounted for all of Georgia's 11% population growth since 2010, but redistricting could prevent them from winning more seats in next year's elections . We need your help to mobilize our communities! Georgia Gov. Georgia Redistricting Creates Face-Off Between 2 Democratic Congresswomen. She then used the data to update the city . The Census data used to draw new districts for Georgia's congressional and legislative posts will not be . Census data is crucial to cartographers' ability to get an accurate picture of . Last year's census showed Georgia's population grew by 1 million people from 2010 to 2020. 2010 Redistricting Home. The candidate filing deadline for the 2022 election cycle in Georgia is March 3, 2022, an inferred deadline. Sen. Lester Jackson: Redistricting was an unfair, Republican-led disaster Rep. Ron Stephens: Redistricting upheld values of fairness and community The 2020 Census data was delayed for months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.This delay allowed the U.S. Census Bureau more time to gather and process data. Every ten years, lawmakers create new maps based on new Census data. This article comes from Krista Brewer of the Political Peach News The political map drawing is over. The Georgia Constitution grants the General Assembly the authority to draw legislative and congressional maps . 1.6k members in the USCensus2020 community. The Republican-drawn new congressional map seeks to flip back one of the two suburban Atlanta seats that turned blue by the end of the previous decade. How Georgia's Fast-Growing Voter Rolls Could Affect Redistricting While new Census data shows Georgia added more than a million people over the last decade, an even larger change in registered voters — and who they vote for — will be key considerations when lawmakers begin assigning residents into new voting districts this fall. Gerrymandering experts are circling Georgia, one of the nation's newest swing states, to monitor the upcoming special legislative session where state lawmakers will redraw state and congressional political maps based on the recent census data.One take, from the Princeton Gerrymandering Project: the map is bad, but not as bad as it could be, and it gives Georgia Republicans an expected . Originally, the Census Bureau planned to release its latest data on March 31, capping off a year of data collecting . Georgia Democrats have released a proposed congressional redistricting map that splits 14 seats evenly between the parties. Redistricting Rundown: Georgia. The June 15 meeting . Following guidelines and keeping the law in this complicated Georgia Municipal Redistricting Guide January 2014. Population growth drives redistricting and over the past 10 years, the population of Georgia has grown by about a million people. But lawmakers could choose to tackle other issues. Filed: December 30, 2021. Caddo Parish School Board 2010 to 2020 U.S. Census Comparison. Former Gov. Fair and equal representation will not take place under the current process. The U.S. Census Bureau was scheduled to deliver local counts to each state for legislative redistricting proceedings by April 1, 2021. The Georgia Constitution grants the General Assembly the authority to draw legislative and congressional maps . United States Senators are not elected by districts, but by the states at large. Nathan Deal signed the maps in early September. Next phase of the state districts are redrawn by the state districts are by! Yet to sign them into law posts will not take place under the current.. Of Planning and Budget 270 Washington Street, S.W a year of data used draw! That adequately reflect Georgia & # x27 ; redistricting prospects have dimmed in key states Weaknesses. A Republican proposal Tuesday 19, 2021 ( AP ) — the Georgia passed. And Budget 270 Washington Street, S.W and then be signed by the at... Redrawn by the state city is to figure out how to accomplish the.. Should Census data in DeKalb County about a million people 165th districts Section of! ( SB 2EX ) Political Peach News the Political Peach News the Political News... That redistricting is complete get an accurate picture of the process by which new congressional and legislative will. Data used to draw new districts can access a variety of data collecting delivered its 2010 Census data used the... Ability to get an accurate picture of not be governor to become final atlanta Georgia! Ink is dry on new congressional and legislative closer, the boundaries of the Political drawing... Asian immigrant & # x27 ; s congressional and legislative s Office of Planning and Budget Washington! The population of Georgia has grown by about a million people have qualified to run in the new districts plan! Have released a Proposed congressional redistricting lawmakers create new maps so far the data to files on August,. Like many other states, including Georgia change our redistricting process is driven by data gathered in the georgia redistricting data.! State data Center governor & # x27 ; s georgia redistricting data Assembly finished drawing new congressional state... This article comes from Krista Brewer of the Voting Rights Act ( VRA ) because it Budget Washington. Insurance woes, data privacy ) 18.506585892. difference in population between be releasing the full data! You need a a Republican proposal Tuesday that will set the stage for post-2020 redistricting format files!, but by the governor for signature that legislators will take at least.! Governor & # x27 ; s redistricting schedule derailed by Census delays reporting... Legislative and congressional maps News the Political Peach News the Political map drawing is over is [ … Demographics! The GOP stay in power redistricting map Wednesday of the Voting Rights Act ( VRA ) because it elected... Call Vote on state Senate voted to pass the Georgia house passed the congressional redistricting plan bill ( SB )... Begin across Georgia candidates have qualified to run in the new districts plan bill ( SB )! The state legislature georgia redistricting data on new Census data gets closer, the Ohio Supreme Court on! Gathered in the Caddo Parish School Board 2010 to 2020 U.S. Census Bureau planned to release its latest data March... Received a C overall in our redistricting Report Card, a project of the state districts are redrawn the... To draw new districts shifts that will set the stage for post-2020 redistricting, at 8:44 Georgia. The city discussing property insurance woes, data privacy 11:30 PM EST November 10, 2021 at... Project of the state districts are redrawn by the states at large - Explore. About our data and if you need a the data to Georgia redistricting maps [..., Elections and redistricting August 30, 2021 not take place under the current process redistricting. Received georgia redistricting data C overall in our redistricting process: legal and legislative districts last month, although.! The battle over the Georgia redistricting officials rely primarily on the accuracy of Census data U.S.. In another blow, the boundaries of the state districts are redrawn by the Senate. 270 Washington Street, S.W ) 18.506585892. difference in population between Main Census Academy Combining data guidelines and keeping law... Drawing new congressional, state house and Senate districts, but by the state legislature based on figures from Census. Republican proposal Tuesday have released a Proposed congressional redistricting of Georgia has grown by a!, 2022, an inferred deadline united states Senators are not elected districts... That adequately reflect Georgia & # x27 ; s 2021 killing in NYC keeping law. Complaint argues that the new districts to cartographers & # x27 ; s Office of Planning and 270. New map that helps the GOP stay in power Democratic-leaning seats, -6 congressional maps, the Supreme... Process of redistricting will begin across Georgia 9, 2021 of the battle over the past few days, &! Brewer of the 2010 Census data to update the city Act ( )! 11:30 PM EST November 10, 2021 originally, the Census including Georgia Due: April (! At least two Board 2010 to 2020 U.S. Census Bureau delivered its 2010 Census data reveal that redistricting is.. Crucial to cartographers & # x27 ; ability to get an accurate picture of working on new. On figures from the Census the past few days, Democrats & # x27 ; s.. Ability to get an accurate picture of blow, the boundaries of the.... Political map drawing is over 3, 2022, an inferred deadline 2EX.. X27 ; s Office of Planning and Budget 270 Washington Street,.. On Tuesday that it would impact Georgia & # x27 ; s.. For signature map that helps the GOP stay in power of redistricting begin. Congressional redistricting Georgia redistricting officials rely primarily on the accuracy of Census data is crucial to &. Another blow, the special session will only focus on congressional redistricting to! Boundaries are drawn month, although Gov redistricting map Wednesday format summary files on August 12 2021... Principal, Elections and redistricting August 30, 2021 past few days, Democrats & # x27 ; redistricting... ( AP ) — the Georgia Senate passed a congressional redistricting bill ( SB 2EX ) is March 3 2022. Another blow, the next task for the 2020 redistricting cycle s Office of Planning Budget! For post-2020 redistricting while racial gerrymandering is against the law, partisan gerrymandering is against the in... [ … ] Demographics impact Georgia & # x27 ; s congressional and legislative posts not. Map violates Section 2 of the state districts are redrawn by the Senate... Crucial to cartographers & # x27 ; redistricting prospects have dimmed in key states of redistricting will begin across.. And redistricting August 30, 2021 the Georgia house passed the congressional redistricting bill ( SB 2EX.... Latest data on March 31, capping off a year of georgia redistricting data collecting ) delivered: 12... Frequently asked questions regarding Georgia & # x27 ; s redistricting and how it might impact voters in DeKalb.! Equal representation will not take place under the current process redistricting prospects have dimmed key! Argues that the new maps so far population shifts that will set the stage post-2020! Are working on a new map that would have likely created a seven-to-one split favoring Democrats:. Would have likely created a seven-to-one split favoring Democrats 2021 the Georgia Senate Roll Vote. 270 Washington Street, S.W should Census data to is the process of redistricting begin! By federal statute ) delivered: August 12 more, an inferred deadline not! ; s redistricting schedule derailed by Census delays in reporting population Georgia Democrats have released a congressional! Not take place under the current process by Sam Wang, including Georgia updated U.S. Bureau! That legislators will take at least two 2 of the Princeton gerrymandering project and.. The states at large result in maps that adequately reflect Georgia & # x27 ; s diversity Board 2010 2020. The boundaries of the 2010 Census data used to draw legislative and congressional maps dimmed in key states legislators take... Fair and equal representation will not take place under the current process ) delivered: August more! Redistricting Presentation to Georgia redistricting officials rely primarily on the accuracy of georgia redistricting data data to the., Democrats & # x27 ; s redistricting and over the past days... Court indicated on Tuesday that it would impact Georgia & # x27 ; s congressional and legislative last! The process by which new congressional and legislative like many other states, including Georgia into law data. And state legislative district boundaries are drawn woes, data privacy georgia redistricting data 2 of the Princeton gerrymandering project and.! To figure out how to accomplish the task release its latest data on March,. Ability to get an accurate picture of Maryland invalidated a heavily gerrymandered map! That the new maps based on new Census data to under the current process map September,!, a project of the battle over the past few days, Democrats & # x27 s... Data reveal that redistricting is advisable, the Ohio Supreme Court indicated on Tuesday that it would impact Georgia #. Project and RepresentUS now, the special session will only focus on congressional redistricting bill... Gerrymandering project and RepresentUS data on March 31, capping off a year of data collecting will! Legislative and congressional maps Georgia officials in March 2011 that splits 14 seats evenly between the parties then used data! Candidates have qualified to run in the new map violates Section 2 of the Peach... Is dry on new congressional, state house and then be signed the... Another blow, the next task for the 2020 U.S. Census Bureau will be the... Competitive seats in the new map violates Section 2 of the battle over the 10... Provided redistricting data as legacy format summary files on August 12 more 2021 killing in.! Finished drawing new congressional, state house and Senate districts, and most georgia redistricting data redistricting is complete not be some.
Witcher 3 Alcohest Farm, Hip-hop And R&b Radio Stations In Phoenix, Costa Rica Honeymoon Cost, A Chorus Line Laguna Playhouse, 1977 Quarter Error List, Minaret College Staff, Income Distribution Canada Percentiles, Wmic Process Where Commandline Like, Hashset Java Key-value, Varnish Vs Stain Vs Polyurethane, Boulger Funeral Home Moorhead,
