She was expelled from the army after having gender-affirming surgery in 2020. [29], Military service is mandatory for nearly all South Korean men. Although digital sex crime cases that moved forward normally resulted in convictions (in 2020, only 12 of 1,849 cases resulted in acquittal), most defendants received only a suspended sentence or a fine. Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people in 90 countries worldwide, spotlighting abuses and bringing perpetrators to justice Get updates on human rights issues from around the globe. In April the law was amended to require all employers of foreign workers under the employment permit system to receive training on labor laws and human rights. The constitution protects academic freedom and artistic expression. Danish In 2020 sexual violence counseling centers provided 258,410 counseling services to victims. The number of NSL investigations and arrests has dropped significantly in recent years. The prosecution indicted the acting president of the public Seongnam Development Corporation, Yoo Dong-gyu, on bribery charges and continued to investigate other key figures. This was needed to educate the public on spotting warning signs and to bolster child abuse prevention, the commission said. The government provided a pension system for registered adults and children with disabilities, an allowance for children younger than age 18 with disabilities in households with an income below or near the National Basic Livelihood Security Standard, and a disability allowance for low-income persons age 18 and older with mild disabilities. Several established human rights organizations, however, have held lectures and exhibits critical of North Korea with no interference. She told a superior about the alleged incident in May, but the navy only opened an investigation in August after the victim informed a separate commanding officer. Getting Tough on North Korean Human Rights. Catalan The waiting room is funded and staffed by airlines, and NGOs and advocates criticized conditions as substandard, lacking privacy, bedding, and medical care, especially for those confined to the area for several months. Belarusian Before that, the traditional political ideals were based in the NeoConfuciansim that dominantly focused on the paternalistic responsibility of the government and their ruling. Access to Asylum: The law provides for granting asylum or refugee status, and the government has established a system for providing protection to refugees. Malagasy Other penalties include electronic monitoring of offenders, public release of their personal information, and reversible hormone treatment. The bill remained pending in the National Assembly at the end of the year. Korean [1] These rights have evolved significantly from the days of military dictatorship to the current state as a constitutional democracy with free and fair elections for the presidency and the members of the National Assembly. Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (MBS) paid a brief, but extremely lucrative, visit to South Korea on November 16, signing about $75 billion worth of investment agreements in less than 24 hours. [17] The government blocks access to North Korean websites and, sometimes, to major overseas web sites that host blogs. In general, the boundaries and names shown and the designations used on the maps do not imply any position by Amnesty International on the status of territory. See the Department of States Trafficking in Persons Report at https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/. Dari Discrimination and Societal Abuses, Systemic Racial or Ethnic Violence and Discrimination, Acts of Violence, Criminalization, and Other Abuses Based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, a. Latvian First, South Korea's surveillance practices are mandated by a bespoke legal regime that is tailored to the demands of modern epidemics. It holds now a democratic government, with free elections. The government eased the shutdown law in September, but certain gaming platforms still required a real name and national ID number. This comprehensively researched, accessibly written book will be a valuable resource for . In 2020 the Military Manpower Administration began implementing an alternative service option for conscientious objectors, who in the past would have been prosecuted. The MOJ continued to educate male clients of prostitution to correct distorted views of prostitution. It also ran a call center to help foreign workers resolve grievances. 7655, Amended on August 4, 2005 (Medical Treatment and Custody Act) Act No. Croatian Tamil The MOJ reported that official investigations had not confirmed any instances of arbitrary arrest as of year's end. Laws banning education workers from engaging in certain political activities, such as joining a political party or openly endorsing a political party or candidate, constrained unions abilities to advocate for their positions. On March 30, revisions to the Development of Inter-Korean Relations Act took effect, criminalizing the dissemination or movement of leaflets and other materials across the inter-Korean border to the DPRK, including items such as cash and digital storage drives with South Korean news, documentaries, and television dramas, without obtaining prior approval. In June a district court in Busan sentenced the citys former mayor, Oh Geo-don, to three years in prison for sexually abusing two female subordinates during his tenure. In a separate ruling in April, the district court ruling dismissed similar claims brought against Japan by another group of survivors.2. Legal restrictions against women in employment included limits on working hours, occupations, and tasks. As of August, authorities arrested 34 persons and referred 529 persons for prosecution in connection with this case. These students were isolated due to their inability to rely on teachers or mental health professionals for help and support because they risked being outed. In 2020 the Ministry of Unification revoked the permits of two defector-led Republic of Korea-based NGOs that send leaflets across the border to the DPRK, citing national security concerns and several other grounds. Our data show that #SouthKorea is doing better than average at using its resources to guarantee quality of life . Hausa [16] In 1997 a human rights film festival was blocked and the organizers arrested for refusing to submit their films for pre-screening. South Korea adopted a Human Rights National Action Plan containing a chapter on business and human rights on 9 August 2018. Authorities also grant citizenship in circumstances where parentage is unclear or if the child would otherwise be stateless. During his rule, NGO's relating to rights fields were given funds to operate and strengthen the civil society. Korea was not one of them. Rape and Domestic Violence: The law criminalizes rape of women; rape not involving vaginal sexual intercourse is considered imitative rape. The penalty for rape ranges from a minimum of three years to life imprisonment, while imitative rape carries a minimum penalty of two years imprisonment. According to local NGOs, however, persons with HIV or AIDS continued to suffer from societal discrimination and social stigma. The country has a high industrial death rate. If you are talented and passionate about human rights then Amnesty International wants to hear from you. An independent press, an effective judiciary, and a functioning democratic political system combined to promote freedom of expression, including for the press. According to the National Human Rights Commission of Korea, 70 percent of persons surveyed in 2018 said they had been bullied at work. Several bills remained pending in the National Assembly, including those prescribing specific time limits for abortion access as well as some calling for full decriminalization. The Center for Military Human Rights also reported a slight increase in reported instances of physical violence in the military in 2020. In the same month, it was The penalty for rape of a minor younger than age 13 ranges from 10 years to life in prison; the penalty for rape of a minor age 13 to 19 is five years to life imprisonment. Sexual Harassment: The law obligates companies and organizations to take preventive measures against sexual harassment. WASHINGTON South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol's "audacious initiative" needs to include the goal of improving human rights in North Korea, not necessarily in the beginning of potential . Teachers are subject to the same law on political activities that applies to civil servants. Several online scandals have taken place in South Korea in recent years. Significant human rights issues included: restrictions on freedom of expression, including criminalizing the sending of leaflets and other materials into North Korea, and the existence of criminal libel laws; corruption; and laws criminalizing consensual same-sex sexual conduct between adults in the military. Quechua The station accused the government of either being behind the campaign or tacitly encouraging it. There were some reports of commercial sexual exploitation of children (see section 6, Children). Despite the NHRCKs repeated calls for the National Assembly to adopt a comprehensive antidiscrimination law that would penalize with imprisonment or fines discriminatory practices based on gender, age, race, religion, or sexual orientation, among others, the National Assembly failed to pass it (see section 6, Systemic Racial or Ethnic Violence and Discrimination). [14] There is currently a debate over whether to revoke the ability to make anonymous comments online. Within Korea, the circulation of the ideas of rights provided experience in the organization and protest strategy. Offenders convicted of producing or possessing child sexual abuse materials for the purpose of selling, leasing, or distributing for profit are subject to a maximum of seven years imprisonment. Czech The law requires that all children be registered in family registries, leaving approximately 20,000 children born to undocumented foreigners without access to certain public benefits and protections. Prohibition of Forced or Compulsory Labor, c. Prohibition of Child Labor and Minimum Age for Employment, d. Discrimination with Respect to Employment and Occupation. Although viewing websites praising the DPRK regime is lawful, disseminating information about those websites, including posting links to those sites, is illegal under the NSL. When Hines Ward, who is of mixed Korean and African American heritage, earned MVP honors in Super Bowl XL, it sparked a debate in Korean society about the treatment mixed children receive. The government provided access to sexual and reproductive health services for sexual violence survivors, including emergency contraception as clinical management of rape. Albanian Last edited on 11 November 2022, at 14:58, Learn how and when to remove this template message, National Human Rights Commission of Korea, South Korean illegal surveillance incident, "International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights", "World Report 2020: Rights Trends in South Korea", "Seoul Concocted 1967 East Berlin Spy Ring", "Five 'Burim' defendants acquitted 33 years later", "A Lost Decade for Human Rights in South Korea", "Country visit: Republic of Korea (A/HRC/32/36/Add.2)", "N.K. The law prohibits discrimination against subcontracted (also known as dispatched) and temporary workers, who comprised approximately one-third of all wage workers and were found especially in the electronics, automotive, and service sectors. In January the Constitutional Court struck down an election campaign law that had required individuals to use their real names when posting online about upcoming elections. Please join the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars' Korea Center, in cooperation with The Jeju 4.3 Peace Foundation and Walden Korea, for a featured conference entitled U.S.-Korea Relations: Retrospective on the Jeju April 3 Incident, Human Rights, and Alliance.The conference will bring together U.S. and South Korean scholars and experts to address various facts and . In January the Seoul High Court sentenced Samsung vice chairman Jay Y. Lee to 30 months in prison for bribery and embezzlement. The government enforced the law, and penalties for violations were commensurate with those for analogous crimes such as gross negligence. NHRCK Act National Human Rights Commission Act Act No. There were allegations of excessive use of force against an inmate at Hwaseong Immigration Detention Center. 7796, Amended on December 29, 2005 (State Public Officials Act) Migrants rights advocates noted the government inspected only a small percentage of workplaces that hire migrant workers and asserted that employers were not deterred from violating labor standards because most inspections were perfunctory and, even if violations were found, the typical result was a corrective order. Enforcement of these prohibitions was rare. The committee, which organizes the countrys largest annual lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI+) festival, had initially applied for this registration in 2019. A large majority of immigrants and naturalized citizens were female spouses, and they were reportedly often victims of domestic violence. Respect for Civil Liberties, Including, a. Haitian Creole There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities. South Korea lost its seat on the United Nations Human Rights Council, after remaining in fifth place among eight countries contesting for four seats allocated to the Asia-Pacific region. Workers rights NGOs noted the burden was on the worker to present evidence of the mistreatment to avail themselves of these provisions, making it very difficult to switch jobs without the employers consent. Many migrants from the DPRK, China, and other countries alleged societal discrimination and were not always provided access to basic services. A December 2020 Reuters report found 522 Thai migrant workers had died in the Republic of Korea since 2015, based on documents obtained from the Thai Embassy in Seoul. Human Rights Will Continue to Polarize Washington and Seoul on North Korea By Jason Bartlett & Olivia Grotenhuis on March 30, 2021 America and South Korea share the same bed of problems with North Korea but have different dreams for the future. Filipino The government, prodded by media and civil society groups, generally implemented the law effectively. New regulations issued in January require employers to bear the costs of recruitment fees and set a minimum wage, but NGOs said the regulations were not clearly drafted to include any preboarding costs, such as security deposits. In May a noncommissioned officer in the air force committed suicide after a peer allegedly sexually harassed her. Through September the government reported no violations of child labor laws. There were also 228 multicultural centers nationwide that provided education to Koreans married to foreigners on human rights, gender equality, multicultural understanding, and various family life topics. Traditional Chinese The law provides for freedom of internal movement, foreign travel (except to North Korea), emigration, and repatriation; the government generally respected these rights. Turkish The proposed law would include crucial protection against discrimination for reasons of sexual orientation and gender identity. confirmed that a female non-commissioned officer attempted suicide; she had Foreign laborers sometimes faced physical abuse and exploitation by employers in the form of longer working hours, fewer days off, and lower wages than their local counterparts. The law provides for freedom of expression, including for members of the press and other media, and the government generally respected this right. Ukrainian Urdu Independent Monitoring: There were no reports of problems in accessing prison facilities. Transgender people suffered hatred and discrimination. During the first half of the year, the police received 95,889 assembly requests, of which it refused 3,413. Asia Program There is a jury trial system, but jury verdicts are not legally binding. Seoul had voted in favor of a UN vote on the issue of human rights violations of Uyghurs on Oct. 6, but it changed its stance less than a month. Freedom of Expression, Including for Members of the Press and Other Media, b. Freedoms of Peaceful Assembly and Association, e. Status and Treatment of Internally Displaced Persons, Section 3. Strikes not specifically pertaining to labor conditions, wages, benefits, or working hours are illegal. Malayalam Portuguese It fined POSCO $395,000 for 225 safety-rule breaches. Even if one of the above justifications applies, a court may still grant bail if there is a substantial reason to do so. ( Amnesty International). In October the Supreme Court reduced Chos sentence from 45 to 42 years. South Korea has yet to fully implement the North Korean Human Rights Law that came into effect in September 2016 and failed to establish the North Korea Human Rights Foundation,. However, his inexperience in the political arena slowed down the execution of his plans. Last night, the UN adopted a North Korean human rights resolution condemning human rights violations in North Korea for the 18th consecutive year. South Korea fully recognizes property rights and has a well-developed body of laws governing the establishment . 2021 was a landmark year in the history of business and human rights (BHR) in South Korea as the Framework Act on Human Rights Policy, a legislative bill setting out "corporate responsibility to respect human rights", was finally passed by the Cabinet Meeting of the Republic of Korea on December 28 2021. [10] The National Security Law makes it a crime to express sympathies with North Korea, and though it is not consistently enforced, there are over 100 people imprisoned under it annually. Ian Neary looks in detail at the history of the introduction of human rights ideas into Japan, South Korea and Taiwan and examines how, and to what effect, state and society have incorporated the specific international standards on childrens' and patients' rights into legal systems and social practice. See the Department of States International Religious Freedom Report at https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/. Freedom of Expression: The law provides for freedom of speech, although under defamation law and the NSL, the government may limit the expression of ideas (see section 2, Libel and Slander Laws). For example in November 2020 prosecutors charged Yonsei University professor Lew Seok-Choon with three counts of defamation for remarks he made about this issue during a lecture in 2019; the case continued as of October. Ido Reports, briefings, statements, submissions and other resources from Amnesty's researchers. However, many refugees from North Korea have complained that they find integration into South Korean society to be difficult; they say they often face social ostracism and a government that would rather they keep quiet about the human rights situation in the North. [15] Despite the lifting of most regulations in 1996 and 1998 following a Constitutional Court ruling that they were illegal, scenes of extreme violence can be barred and pornography is forbidden from showing penetration of any kind, and genitals must be blurred out. Tigrinya There were no reports of denial of access to counsel. The air force incident led to the resignation of the air force chief of staff, and the president ordered an investigation of both cases. The Ministry of Labor in April added unacceptable employer-provided housing (e.g., vinyl greenhouses) as another reason workers could request a change in workplace under this structure, which also includes overdue or nonpayment of wages, sexual assault, a workplace accident, and others. In March the Ministry of Justice extended temporary humanitarian-stay status to approximately 25,000 Burmese nationals. The conventions were due to enter into force in South Korea in April 2022. The government also investigated instances of abuse, including forced labor, against workers with intellectual disabilities. The maximum length of stay permitted under the Employee Permit System is four years and 10 months, just under the five years needed to apply for permanent residency. Spanish Tajik However, the National Security Act grants the authorities broad powers to detain, arrest, and imprison persons who commit acts the government views as intended to endanger the "security of the state." Regulations outline legal protections for migrant and foreign workers. [8] When his successor Roh followed the former president and promoted reforms such as transparency, expanding welfare and social support, the nation had high hopes. Prison and detention center conditions were generally adequate, and detainees had access to relief measures. (For more on sex crimes facilitated by the internet, see Sexual Exploitation of Children below.). It also makes referrals for free legal services and provides financial assistance for medical expenses. Also see the Department of States Trafficking in Persons Report at https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/. As of September, the Ministry of Justice reported the case remained under investigation. [14] Songs and theater play in Japanese language or relating to Japan are generally prohibited. In April following two years of investigation, police recommended prosecutors indict Kim Jeong-sik for defamation against President Moon. Today, one in 10 North Korean citizens are held in political prison camps known as "kwanliso". Hwacheon Daeyu and its affiliates reportedly made a profit of more than 1,000 times their initial investment. Punjabi Many workers, however, reported difficulty in receiving severance pay prior to their departure and stated they did not receive payments even after returning to their country of origin, due to banking regulations and delinquent employers. An Amnesty International (AI) report alleged there were arbitrary arrests of bystanders on at least three occasions during demonstrations against President Lee Myung-bak in Seoul between May and September. Media organizations among others opposed the bill, saying it would further restrict the press ability to operate freely. Gender-based violence continued. Judges have considerable scope to cross-examine witnesses for both the prosecution and defense. The government funded 45 foreign workers support centers nationwide to provide foreign workers with counseling services in 16 languages, Korean language and cultural programs, shelter, and free health-care services. Critics continued to call for reform or abolishment of the law, contending that its provisions did not define prohibited activity clearly. French The Incheon District Court ruled that the refusal to screen the individual was illegal, and the Ministry of Justice appealed the ruling. Announcement Please join the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission for a hearing on freedom of expression on the Korean peninsula. Catalan 28 Nov 2022 0. The Korea Communications Standards Commission, a government body, blocked 31,085 websites it deemed harmful from January to August; in 2020 it blocked 211,949 sites. The Ministry of Justice (MOJ) maintained that the courts had established legal precedents for strict interpretation of the law that preclude arbitrary application. The report criticized the lack of laws, institutions and policies guaranteeing the rights of transgender individuals and called on the government to establish a comprehensive law banning discrimination. Danish Participation of Women and Members of Minority Groups: No laws prevent the participation of women or members of minority groups in the political process, and they did participate. Her death was treated as suicide. There was no credible evidence that officials were involved in trafficking. Moldavian Somali [21], South Korea's still continuing traditionalist beliefs result in few people being open about their homosexuality. In October, a large-scale strike was organized in Seoul by the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions to protest against poor labour conditions and inequality. In a significant decision for transgender rights, a transgender man who had not undergone sterilization was granted gender recognition by an appellate court in October. Lithuanian One NGO noted the existence of a real name law in video gaming, previously used to shut down gaming for individuals younger than age 16 between midnight and 6:00 a.m. Guarani In late December 2020 lawmakers passed measures to strengthen child abuse prevention and penalties for abusers, including immediate separation of the child from the abusers. Armenian The report, based on 67 interviews with students and teachers, revealed widespread bullying, violence, and harassment against LGBTQI+ students. Maldivian Maya Authorities continued to prevent transgender individuals from serving in the military. [2], South Korean democracy has legally protected rights for political, civil and socio-economic individuals, although there are limitation and even discrimination against certain groups. Russian Mapudungun Experts from academia and the policy world will discuss the ongoing human rights crisis in North Korea, with a focus on the roles of the South Korean and United States governments in addressing this issue. Bulgarian According to a 2019 NHRCK survey, migrants reported discrimination by court workers, workplace supervisors, and immigration office personnel. Malay In January the National Assembly passed the Serious Accident Punishment Act, which, when it takes effect in January 2022, will require stricter compliance from business owners and place responsibility for accident prevention on CEOs. In addition, an employer may be penalized for noncompliance with a labor relations commission order to reinstate a worker. Arbitrary Deprivation of Life and Other Unlawful or Politically Motivated Killings, c. Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Arrest Procedures and Treatment of Detainees, f. Arbitrary or Unlawful Interference with Privacy, Family, Home, or Correspondence, Section 2. Document Language JSTOR (August 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Politics of the Republic of Korea Government The law does not specifically prohibit discrimination based on gender identity. One such measure includes the appointment of a special envoy on North Korean human rights. Back to the doorstep 2022.2.11 Cartoon Appeasing Pyongyang has to stop Communication is key Peas-in-the-pod presidents 2022.03.24 CartoonTo write comments, please . The law prohibits such interference, and the government generally respected these prohibitions. In another case four members of a nongovernmental organization (NGO) were detained and charged in September with illegal contact with Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea) agents and distribution of North Korean press material for the purpose of exalting DPRK leader Kim Jong-il. [30] In the letter, the signatories criticise the Moon Jae-in administration's refusal to co-sponsor a . Rapanui South Korea's failure to confront its own war crimes has led to accusations of hypocrisy. If the prohibited content is not removed, the users account may be blocked. This was in the wake of widespread outrage about the October 2020 death of a 16-month-old child who before dying had suffered months of physical abuse from her adopted parents. Freedom House noted a decrease in systematic content manipulation and a decline in prosecutions and convictions related to pro-DPRK content in its 2021 Freedom on the Net report. 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