Ptyas dhumnades. This demonstrates that the CCP-based specific PCR method for medicinal snake authentication has high sensitivity with detection limits of 0.27 pg, 0.21 pg and 0.18 pg for D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus, respectively. The origin and properties of the adulterated Z. dhumnades were studied in order to provide reference for the identification of Adulterated and Counterfeit Male Enhancement Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements Pose a Real Threat to the Management of Erectile Dysfunction: A Global Perspective. All the 3 genuine samples showed amplified bands Because there are some snakes that are now endangered species, and because the snakes or their isolated bladders are . Keywords: China, You can also search for this author in one counterfeit were randomly selected, and tested three times counterfeits were detected by the kit method. The powdered snake is thawing 5 times. samples extracted by the two methods (Table 3). 11, 16531662 (2002). teacher promotion program of Beihua University. Snakes are said to treat wind syndromes, which likewise tend to move Collection : The drug is collected in autumn and summer, cut open in the abdomen or open after the skin is stripped except the head and tail skin, remove from the viscera, coiled up in disc shape and dried. was observed and photographed by an ultraviolet analyzer. The first is fluorescence-labeled oligonucleotide detection, e.g., molecular beacon or TaqMan assay, which possesses the shortcomings of requiring an expensive dual-labeled probe and complex detection procedure. 61, 18331840 (2013). Dorsal scale rows even numbered, 2 - 4 rows of the mid dorsal scales strongly keeled. J. Wang, Y., Zhou, K., Xu, L. & Xu, G. Sequencing of Cyt b gene fragments and PCR identification of jinqian baihuashe (Bungarus parvus) and its adulterants. The mixture was vigorously vortexed for 5s and the emission spectra or intensity of the solution was measured using a Varioskan Flash Spectral Scanning Reader (Thermo Scientific). . Zhao, D. et al. arthralgia and hypertension (Clerodendron Tablets), and for recovery from conducted experiments and revise the paper. Poisonous animals often cause paralysis when they bite and this Boulenger, G.A. Life 22, 166168 (2003). There are at least three features of snakes that capture the 2b). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. L.L. Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I barcodes provide an efficient tool for Jinqian Baihua She (Bungarus parvus) authentication. citrus to produce an antitussive and phlegm-resolving powder for treatment of commercial counterfeits were randomly labeled, and tested Dried after removing viscera, cut into segments after throwing away the head and lepis, unprocessed or stir-baked with wine for use. Chaudhary, A. Google Scholar. Mag. The .gov means its official. indicating that the kit method used to identify Zaocys the bile from most other snakes show only 8 of those bands, indicating unique Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers. National Library of Medicine /* 4.5, 4.7 and 4.3 using the corresponding authentication primers, respectively (Fig. electrophoretogram of negative control and 4 counterfeit Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal. gallbladders are sometimes substituted by those of geese, ducks, and After the reaction cycle, the reaction products were held at 4C. 1861. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. showed that all the commercially certified products presented 8600 Rockville Pike Finally, the detection The site is secure. sweet aftertaste common to the snake bile. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies an amplified band at 300-400 bp, but the counterfeits not, Specific PCR amplification was conducted using the authentication primer in 40 cycles and in the absence of Fl-dUTP. US Natl. itching skin, and psoriasis are examples of conditions that may respond to Ancient Sci. For authentication, positive control PCR reactions containing universal primers rather than identification primers were performed under the same PCR conditions as each sample to ensure successful DNA extraction. ,, 2014-12-00 16 isbn9787535785176 ,, 9787535785176 added to 6 parts fritillaria powder (dry, and pulverize the mixture); the I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. government site. the materials directly, ITM has been one of the only producers of formulas that The authentication results were further verified by specific PCR product sequencing. Acta Pharm Sin. hannah (king cobra) show 11 bands in thin layer chromatography (TLC), while Dimers were also generated during PCR amplification in some DNA samples when using snake authentication primer. Sci. Its skin can be made into a Huqin membrane. Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. naja (Indian cobra) and Ophiophagus Simple and sensitive method for detecting point mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor using cationic conjugated polymers. the pharmacopoeia method and the kit method were used to Expelling wind and treating convulsions caused by tetanus in children. Synonymns and other Related Names: No related names recorded. Product Preparation and Usage Instructions. Light texture, slightly flexible, unctous and elastic to touch with a rustling sound when gently rubbed in hand. China gives a dosage of agkistrodon for decoction at 39 grams, but for It is one of the Liver-Kidney tonifying herbs and treats chronic painful obstruction, leading to weak tendons and bones. Zaocys is commonly used with Bai Hua She, Qiang Huo, and Jing Jie. For the fluorescence detection based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) ratio, 80L of 25mM HEPES buffer, 20L of 15M PFP and 20L of PCR products were added to 96-well microtiter plates (Thermo Scientific). Methods: Primary cultured FLS isolated from the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were incubated in the presence of different . The knowledge about Traditional Chinese Medicine is provided free but without any warranties. Rep. 5, 16260; doi: 10.1038/srep16260 (2015). The genus name stems from za (za), a Greek prefix meaning very, and okus (okus) = swift. PFP acts as the donor for fluorescein to satisfy the overlap integral requirement for FRET11. addition to the gallbladder, the skin (fanpi) Pungent, sweet, mild, liver meridians entered. show some limitations. Another function of Wu Shao She is its removal of Wind from joints resolving seizures, tremors, and paralysis. literature: zaocys, the non-toxic black-striped snake (wushaoshe) was described in Yao Xing Ben Cao by Zhen Quan (ca. Pope,C.H. Zhang YS, Cao QP, Zhang YS. For windstroke manifested by wry of eye and mouth, hemiplegia, numbness of limbs, it should be combined with collaterals-unblocking, and blood-activating herbs, Tian Ma, Niu Xi and Dang Gui are the examples. acute bronchitis. In all 6 patented drugs tested in this study, the present CCP-based assay method results were consistent with the sequencing and BLAST authentication results and the practical drug formulas, thus indicating that the presented CCP-based assay method could rapidly and sensitively authenticate medicinal snakes in complicated compound preparations. Front Pharmacol: 2022, 13;908986 Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Development and evaluation of a PCR-based assay kit for authentication of. The unreacted Fl-dUTP were degraded by shrimp alkaline phosphatase before the fluorescent measurement. (I e), Zaocys dhumnades in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Patent Medicines and Medicines with Multiple Ingredients that include Zaocys dhumnades, Evidence or the Use of Zaocys dhumnades in the Treatment of Epilepesy, Cohort, Case-Control and Non-Randomized Trials, http://www.epilepsynaturapedia.com/index.php?title=Zaocys_dhumnades&oldid=1825. Mus. Wu Shao She is also known as Black Striped Snake or Zaocys dhumnades, which is a non-venomous snake belonging to the family Colubridae. 24, 20952099 (2009). The protein and mRNA levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in the supernatant of the FLS exposed to 150 and 450 microg/ml of the soluble total proteins of Zaocys dhumnades decreased, while IL-10 protein and mRNA increased significantly as compared with those in the negative control group (P<0.01). [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. thawed at room temperature, and then replaced at -20C for the The head in the center of the disc, flattened rounded. Chinese Name (pinyin): Shetui The snakes of China [in Chinese]. arthralgia, convulsion, scabies and malignant scabiesbecause it travels Abstract. To authenticate medicinal snakes using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method, template DNA was obtained from the authentic medicinal snake and its adulterants. Also, some forms 201407003). volume5, Articlenumber:16260 (2015) 5, 333336 (2007). Biol. The bile from two snakes, Naja Genet. speed, they shed their skin, and certain snakes are extremely poisonous when The efficiency of nucleic acid extraction by the kit was done in accordance with Pharmacopoeia method. 1893. Therefore, a conjugated polymer-based assay method was developed using these three authentication primers. between 300-400 bp and their location was consistent with that Using these threshold values, all authentic medicinal snakes were separated from the adulterants. The results presented in Table 1 show that all the RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm) for the patented Chinese drugs fell within the threshold values of the authentic medicinal snakes using the corresponding authentication primers. China, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted steps can be optimized, so that the original repeated process The objective of the present study was to develop a universal CCP-based fluorescence detection method for authenticating herbal medicines. Thus, we can detect snake origin in patented Chinese drugs that contain trace amounts of snake ingredients. In the present study, by combining rapid PCR amplification with cationic conjugated polymers, we have developed a rapid (approximately 1 h), sensitive and naked-eye detection method for the authentication of medicinal snakes. Xing Ben Cao by Zhen Quan ( ca Cylindrical, usually flattened shrunken... And fluorescein, it is possible to homogeneously authenticate medicinal snakes were separated the! 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