May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. The second clamp,must never be expected to hold all of the tool thrust. This handbook is a multi-chapter, illustrated reference manual. Special bolts and fasteners cost more money and add little to the tool value. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Fixed-renewable bushings are also fit into a liner. The groove and vein-type plates have a series of grooves cut into the face Most standard vacuum chucks have these patternsof the top plate to carry the vacuum forces across the across the entire mounting face of the chuck. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. 108 The basic design principles, standards, and concepts applied in designing and construction jigs and fixtures are introduced and thoroughly explained and illustrated. particular type of clamping device. In most cases, when a single part isclamped, this is not the most efficient method. Clampsground glass. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. While these cast plates can be made from a vari- dictable result. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The difference lies in the size, type, and placement of the drill bushings. These screws are available in plain or self-locking styles.Set ScrewsThe set screw is another type of screw widely used injig and fixture work. Overall the equipment should be light and easy to handle. Sight locators align rough parts in a tool for Spring-Stop Buttons and Spring-approximate machining (Figure 339). What is duplicate locating? May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. The mechanical-levellocator, as shown. chrissy-robinson Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. All Rights Reserved. The Designing a clamp to hold more than one workpiecemost popular compounds for casting are epoxy resins requires imagination. and fixture clamps normally have a minimum tensile strength value of 75,000 to 100,000 psi. Finding an effective jig or fixture for a woodworking operation can be as elusive and time-consuming as designing a great piece of furniture, a sailboat, or a ukulele. 247 Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. xQMKC1W#`m{VxoZETh/}I+ endobj |6O`3F8|L5Pp]u^ Clamping odd shapes and multipleremain locked until reconnected. Part Assembly sequence or Machining locations. Make sure the clamping and binding pieces are as quick to act & efficient as possible. If adjust-335). All Rights Reserved. Overview. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. This usu-face of the plate. 48 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 418 Modified hook clamp.slid off a stud (Figure 419). Addeddate 2017-01-23 10:07:24 Identifier in.ernet.dli.2015.161105 Identifier-ark ark:/13960/t8hf3d787 Ocr ABBYY FineReader 11.0 Ppi 600 . To clamp a part correctly, clamping force needed to hold a part is usually deter-the tool designer must know how tool forces, or mined by the tool forces working on the part and howcutting forces act in reference to the tool. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Locating a part to be machined involves mainly three steps: Supporting, Positioning, and Clamping. Power clamping systems Figure 430 Toggle action. Typical uses of set blocks are illustrated in Figure 524. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. While manynonferrous or nonmetallic materials, mechanical devices parts are held in place on the chuck by basic magnet-like that shown in Figure 435, can be used to assist ic energy, others may require packing to prevent lat-in securely holding the parts. Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. It is designed for use by those who are new to the field, as well as seasoned veterans. this rule occur when extreme accuracy is called for, when accuracy in secondary operations is necessary, and when one is drilling into irregular surfaces. All Rights Reserved. Pre-owned (4) from $86.33. Why must clamped areas have support? Figure 433 Blank chuck jaws. The basic design principles, standards, and concepts applied in designing and construction jigs and fixtures are introduced and thoroughly explained and illustrated. They include cast iron, cast aluminum, andtime needed to drill and tap the mounting holes and cast steel, (Figure 51). Location -- Principles -- Locating methods -- Summary -- 3. Table 1 Comparison between jigs and fixtures . Sight locators d. Round locator e. Adjustable locator f. Solid support g. Plain locator h. Nesting locator i. Diamond pin locator j. Adjustable support k. Bullet locatorFigure 347 Figure 348 Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. The tool designer mustlocators conform to the shape of the part. To make up for these differences, and ISO metric clamp screws. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Burr ClearanceFigure 518 Bushing clearance. This type of bushing is pressed into thetypes and are pressed into the jig plate (Figure 510). The flange in Figure 41 The main purpose of a workholder, or clamping shows this point. to get design inputs for jigs and fixtures. Do avoid intricate clamping arrangements. Other forms of clamping used for jigs and fix- tures include power clamping, chucks and vises, Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. The knob is slid over the Figure 420 Direct-pressure cam clamp.stud until it contacts the part. Uploaded by Stability and rigidity: (a) Provide four feet so that uneven seating will be obvious, and ensure that the forces caused by the mass of the w.p. Adjustable locators 3. While these chucks can hold Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. One point to keep in mind when designing set blocks is the allowance for the feeler gauge. Wooden Several commercially made accessories increase bothblocks are used as spacers, which are removed before the application and the effectiveness of clamps. h. Magnetic chuck conical i. Wedge clampREVIEW j. Extended-range bushings are used where regular Jig Platesbushings are too short to properly support or guidethe tool (Figure 515). It is usually lighter in construction. Now, rest the work piece at two points of side surface (XZ), and you will be able to fix the +Y and ACROT-Z degrees of freedom. Solid and adjustable locators 3. Clampthe cast jaws are used. If it is held as at view B, this possibility is reduced. One method of reducing manufacturing cost per component is to reduce machining cycle time. ability to move completely free of the work, thus Flat wedges, or flat cams, hold the part by using abinding action between the clamp and a solid portionFigure 423 Flat spiral cam. Select the proper locator from the choices listed permits the parts to be made within their stated tolerances, part after part, throughout the pro- to best locate the following sample parts. workpiece is always proportional to the position of the fastener with respect to the workpiece and the heel support. The modified hook clamp isaction on another clamp (Figure 415). Here the toolcould easily slip and hurt the operator or damage the When using eyebolts, a few general safety pointstool if it were dropped. It takes solid woodworking 5/5 (1). ically has a longer shoulder and is often made without a handle. Purchase on Amazon 2. 0000001854 00000 n 74 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 524 Typical uses of set blocks. Beginning with basic design fundamentals, the text introduces, and explains in detail, information necessary to create efficient and cost effective work holders. Before sitting down to design jigs/fixtures, the designer must consider the following points: The designer must know the basics of the process and the tools associated with it for which the jig/fixture is designed. hold by themselves, another device such as a cam or screw must be used to hold them in place. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. This saves additional time and reduces wear and tear on your machinery. Ejectors arelocating pin pushes the workpiece against the solid made in many variations. Division based on roll coating knows the rubber, Vulcolane and steel rolls. Jig and Fixture Design 1920 | PDF | Drill | Drilling . Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. O]XX*e I?o\}W+] }Sy@~]u.On 8).p3qAlT*J9=5Upb$jrWy$lJP!7Og-KI[JRiuvy.1Ee'g--pm]d}"gv)b5Lse2! 76IL=RzVY~rZu]t-mih^L?AO May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. This prevents the clamping force fromchuck, hold, or grip the part. shown at view A, the part can bend. How much clamping force should be used? Although both styles are knurled, the terms serrated and knurled have different meanings. 6. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. When the fixture must be tions present the tool designer with real problems inmoved, the power supply is unplugged and the clamps creative clamping. To achieve proper location, the locators must prop- 3. All Rights Reserved. =X$0;;O'k:b'[9*jI ;bvF>,6Kx*tEu1[aK1Mj2p3K0|KF6Ju)RnxutJ{ tDB#Vx/j This gives the tool designerPrecision-ground flat stock is available in a variety of an alternative to higher priced materials. to allow the bushing to fit correctly. In short, the fixture is a tool that ensures correct and quick clamping (or loading) of the work piece with respect to the machine tool. Jig and Fixture Design. As the pin is inserted or removed, the spring collaps- es as the pin is moved through the mounting hole. 1. UNIT 4 Clamping and Workholding Principles 51 Figure 429 Toggle clamps. single-part clamping, the tool designer can easily design clamps to hold any number of parts. Split pins used on both sides. If there is any doubt about The simplest handling device or small tool is the the suitability of eyebolts for any lifting task, com-machined handhold (Figure 548). Here the fastener is posi-tioned so that one-third of the strap length is betweenthe fastener and the workpiece and two-thirds of thestrap is between the fastener and the heel support.The clamping pressure on the workpiece with thissetup is twice as great as that on the heel support. Spherical washers based on standard commercial bolts of 50,000 psiand nuts provide a positive base for clamping ele- (pounds per square inch) minimum tensile strength.ments, and reduce unnecessary stresses to the thread- Commercial bolts and studs made particularly for jiged members (Figure 411). Theymon types are shown in Figure 530. Image not available due to copyright restrictions Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. Strap clamps are used in almost every area of jigand fixture design and construction. Definition of jig and fixture (i) Jigs and fixtures: it is Components of machine-tool installations, specially designed in each case to position the work piece, hold it firmly in place, and guide the motion of the power tool (e.g., a punch press). A length between oneadditional cost of carbide bushings is justified for and two times the tool diameter is usually sufficient toshorter runs where the material being machined is prevent inaccuracy (Figure 517). Why? The drill jig in Figure 43 is an example of bored ring in Figure 44, if the ring is clamped ashow the cutting force is used to hold the work. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. In gen- cient, clamps must be planned into the tool design.eral terms, the complete jig and fixture family isdescribed as workholders. Two types of pull dowel are shown in Figure 537 and Figure 538. BASIC RULES OF CLAMPINGWORKHOLDERS The function of a clamp is to hold a part against the loca-The term workholder, as applied to jig and fixture tors during the machining cycle. 8. The serrated roundness. This deflection of jig is caused due to the forces of cutting, clamping of the workpiece or clamping to the machine table. ' |P1S,l` x~bj"|cSpZWh |JMv0!:1;i9E>?,%J7zTQH*o|!%,'& d0T)ub`7a/0z$w%Ht(r9j8:zr+Se\>K]f~q"ZQ{gyQ2o=\NS4FM[*j-,%xc"evOUN Providing appropriate devices for handling and lifting these tools, for example, are important considerations that Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. They are used to provide a hardened hole where renewable bushings can be located. Since installed locators can be Adjustable-stop locators can also be used to keepreplaced when worn, the entire tool body does not have the cost of a tool to a minimum (Figure 336). <> Do avoid intricate clamping arrangements. As in past editions, heavy emphasis is placed on the economics of jigs and fixtures, including methods and formulas for use in estimating workholder costs. To do this, part must be supported (Figure 42).the clamp used must meet the following conditions: Clamps are also positioned so they do not inter- The clamp must be strong enough to hold the part fere with the operation of the tool or machine. 103,Baner, Off Mumbai Bangalore Highway, 2022 Prescient Technologies | All Rights Reserved. Large-angle,cam clamps use the spiral design rather than the or self-releasing, wedges are used where more move-eccentric design because of its superior holding prop- ment must be made (Figure 427). May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Press Tools [PDF, EPUB EBOOK] Design of Jigs, Fixtures and Press Tools-K. Venkataraman 2015-07-02 Textbook Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. designer must know and understand the basic princi- Match the characteristics and applications to a ples of clamping, as well as the devices commonly used to hold the work. Mechanical jigs and fixtures " Solutions for more. Provides a full understanding of the design and application of fixture tools and checking fixtures, welding fixtures and procedures, three-dimensional space in checking compound warped surfaces, measurement systems, and the simple mathematics required. Operates on spring a bolt? UNIT 4 Clamping and Workholding Principles 53Chucks and VisesCommercially available chucks and vises offer thetool designer devices that, when modified, greatlyreduce tooling costs. 2. Figure 333 Installed fixed-stop locators.Figure 334 Doweled locators. Figure 523 Drilling and reaming holes. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Three remaining degree of freedom 10, 11, 12 is unrestricted. 1047 0 obj <> endobj Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. UNIT 4 Clamping and Workholding Principles 45Figure 48 The fastener placed in the center of Figure 49 When clamping a single part, athe strap is often used for clamping two parts side better placement is with one-third of the strapby side. The thickness of the jig plate is normally dependent on the size of the bushings used. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. All Rights Reserved. FOOLPROOF: A foolproof design of jigs and fixtures does not permit a tool or workpiece to be placed in any other way other than the intended one. A plate 2 having holes at the desired positions serves as a which is fixed on component 1 to be drilled. Expansionprinciple to combine fast action with positive holding mandrels are made to fit a range of sizes. stream UNIT 4 Clamping and Workholding Principles 49Figure 422 Flat eccentric cam. The courseware is not just lectures, but also interviews. Likewise, any tool with removable ele- above the mounting surface. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. These bushings are availablelocating diameter to ensure proper alignment. Fixed mounted hoist rings are commonly used for applica- tions where a fixed relationship between the hoist rings and the workholder is desired. All Rights Reserved. All Rights Reserved. All Rights Reserved. 0000004100 00000 n As shown, these expand-the adjustable lock pin as a clamp, simply depress the ing pins are engaged and released with a cam lever.button and inset the pin in the mounting hole. These trol of clamping pressures, less wear on moving partstoggle clamps can be used in a variety of ways with the of the clamp, and faster operating cycles. Most of these The specific mount used for any alignment pin islocators are intended for very specific types of work- determined by the application. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Locators that position a part by its edgeshand when clamping some parts. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. All Rights Reserved. Best pressure 8. The holdingpower with this clamp is generated by the screw. made in 25-inch lengths; the toolmaker can then cut off the required amount for each job.PREFORMED MATERIALS Precision-Ground Drill RodPreformed materials can greatly reduce the cost ofany tool body. In use used to hold symmetrical shapes or parts that lendthe clamping power supply is simply plugged into a themselves to conventional clamping. As shown, these locking alignment pins are a variation of the plain L and Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. Using standard chucks and vises for special toolscan save the tool designer a great deal of time andmoney while increasing the efficiency of the job.NONMECHANICAL CLAMPINGNonmechanical clamping is a term that is typicallyapplied to the group of workholding devices used tohold parts by means other than direct mechanicalFigure 432 Special chuck jaws. By using the 3-2-1 method as shoon below: Rest the work piece on three non-collinear points of the bottom surface (XY), and you will be able to fix the +Z, CROT-X, ACROT-X, CROT-Y and ACROT-Y degrees of freedom**.**. fixtures, are applied as examples. The three-two-one, or six-point, location method will restrict a total of 9 planes of movement. This type ofcam clamp used for jigs and fixtures. Mandrels are(Figure 424). Operation: Drill two .19-inch The major concerns in locating a part that the holes as shown. The five most common dowel pins areT-slot. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. There should be no (or minimize it) outward projection of screws and bolts. stream Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. endstream If it is heavy, provide lifting point on them. 6 0 obj 0000002381 00000 n length between the fastener and the workpiece and two-thirds between the fastener and thecommon types are the hinge clamp, the sliding heel support.clamp, and the latch clamp (Figure 410). Figure 413 Basic system for power clamping. UNIT 5 Basic Construction Principles 71broaching, or cutting, action of the diamond pattern Proper sizing of mounting holes also includesas it is pressed into the mounting hole. Sinceto be made again. Jig And Fixture Design Hoffman PDF Book Details Product details Publisher : Cengage Learning; 5th edition (August 21, 2003) Language : English Paperback : 416 pages ISBN-10 : 1401811078 ISBN-13 : 978-1401811075 Item Weight : 1.65 pounds Dimensions : 8.5 x 0.87 x 10.88 inches Best Sellers Rank: #612,293 in Books (See Top 100 in Books) Avoid the sharp corners on the jig and fixture. Repeatability is the feature of location that 6. a. Conical locator 1. This locking mechanism retains the ball lock pin. always positioned so that the work is pushed into the locators when pressure is applied. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. The distancethe simplest, easiest to use, and most efficient. Variations of this screw form are shown in Fig- Figure 526 Various cap screws.ure 526. UNIT 4 Clamping and Workholding Principles 43Figure 44 Clamping forces.must be clamped with a great deal of pressure, the Figure 46A shows the first clamp, which has the ful-tool should be redesigned so that the tool thrust is crum between the work and the effort. However, they do not require a reamed hole, so ment is necessary because of wear or misalignment, itthey are not as accurate. Then the operator knows the right gauge is being used to set the cutters. The workpiece position needs to be precise with the guiding tool in the jig or setup pieces in the fixture. ported if the work is clamped at a point where the force could bend the part. pressure 11. How are the type and amount of necessary clamp- action 7. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Thesedevices speed up the unloading of the part from thetool, which reduces the in-tool time and increases theFigure 338 Adjustable locator used as a clamp. Temperature Gauges: Contruction and Workings of a Radiation Pyrometer. Download File PDF Jigs And Fixtures Design Manual for the Filled with data and practices, the new sections of this book will include such cutting edge topics such as: rapid prototyping, process optimization, product development, CAD/CAM/CAE, . These devices are used to produce a repetitive type of workpieces with "zero defects". Fixture: A device fixed to the worktable of a machine and locates the work in an exact position relative to the cutting tool. endstream 82 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 542 Cables attaching pins to tool body.Figure 543 A self-locking jig pin. Several variations of these bushings are available for special applications. The body reamers, taps, counterbores, countersinks, spotfacingis already made, so the only requirement is installing tools, and any other rotating tools commonly used tothe supports, locators, clamps, and bushings. UNIT 5 Basic Construction Principles 79 Figure 538 Installing and removing a tapered pull dowel. %%EOF | Powered by. So, 9 degrees of freedom of the work piece need to be fixed. endobj Principles of clamping 16 4.2. Although the base of the hoist rings is mounted in a fixed position, the lifting ring is free to pivot 180 degrees to align the ring to the other hoist rings and to the lifting forces. All Rights Reserved. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. x1 04a\GbG"`'M-j~~ By emphasizing similarities among types and styles, Jig and Fixture Design, 5E speeds readers to a complete understanding of the why's and how's of designing and building a variety of different workholders for manufacturing. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. The basic size, shape, material, and methodused to construct the tool body are determined by the Welded tool bodies are usually made from steel, alu-part to be machined. designer must know and understand the basic princi- Match the characteristics and applications to a ples of clamping, as well as the devices commonly used to hold the work. Adjustable supports and diamond pins Figure 345Figure 343 E. Figure 346. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. All Rights Reserved. The following are the essential factors which must be considered in designing a jig or a fixture: 1. Plain dowels require an accurately drilled and reamed hole for instal- lation. A fixture references the cutting tool, in this case with a set block. This three degree of freedom may restrict after loading of component by using clamping devices. Figure 340 shows two styles of(Figure 338). May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Explain the basic principles of workholders. For working professionals, the lectures are a boon. They can be used alone or mixed pressure must be equal on all parts and that the clampwith a filler material such as metal filings, sand, or must have only one operating, or locking, point. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. The holes act as individual vacu- chuck is used for a milling operation.um valves that can be opened or closed by loosening ortightening the valve screws. with the radial lock aligned and turning it clockwise, Figure 56.Types of Bushings Fixed-renewable bushings are used where onlyThe most common drill bushings are renewable bush- one operation is performed in each hole but whereings, press-fit bushings, and liner bushings. What should be done if the clamps cannot hold control the part? 0000003627 00000 n Must have single 1. The correct method of installation is shown not touch the work. UNIT 5 Basic Construction Principles 77 The tapered dowel is self-holding. Toggle clamps are fast-acting.clamps are normally found in two general forms, flat Because of how they are made, they have the naturalwedges and conical wedges. Ifthey are placed too far away, precision is lost. The keys arework is the retaining ring, which is available in internal then held in place with cap screws (Figure 533).and external styles. Figure 522 shows another method of grinding flats on adjacent bushings to allow for clear- ance. The manufacturing cycle time can be reduced by reducing nonproductive time like loading, unloading, and the placing of work piece onto the machine. Wedges having a slight angle, from 1 to 4 degrees, normally hold the Flat spiral cams are the most common style of work without additional attachments. The alterna-tive to machining is casting the special shapes. 42 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 41 Flange ring. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The ideal place to clamp the part isdevice, is to securely hold the position of the part against from its center hole. e. Power clamp melt alloys Commercial clamping components increase both f. Vacuum chuck the application and the effectiveness of the clamp- g. Molded clamp 3. Clamps principle of a first-class lever. A CNC machine starts machining at a specific point corresponding to the fixture and proceeds from there. All Rights Reserved. Either flat or ing operation. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. All Rights Reserved. Download File PDF Jig And Fixture Design A Treatise Covering The Principles Of Jig And Fixture Design The Important Constructional Details And Many Different Types 3-2-1 Principle of Jigs \u0026 Fixture Design Jigs and Fixtures for Machine Shops - Educational Video Jig \u0026 Fixture Design/Jig \u0026 Fixture Example/Design of Jig \u0026 . Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. A BCFigure 512 Template bushing. Clamping ForcesTool Forces Clamping force is the force required to hold a part against the locators. You know that any free body has a total of twelve degrees of freedom as below: 6 translational degrees of freedom**: +X, -X, +Y, -Y, +Z, -Z**. Written in Edition Notes This new book, "Jig and Fixture Design," contains that part of the volume on "Drilling Practice and Jig Design" which dealt with jigs and fixtures. The USP of the NPTEL courses is its flexibility. Diamond and dowel pinsFigure 344 Figure 346 Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. UNIT 4 Clamping and Workholding Principles 47 Although standard high-strength fastening devicesmay be used for many workholding tasks, the commer-cially available jig and fixture studs, bolts, nuts, wash-ers, and other hardware should be used wheneverpossible. Its ability to weather the tool life instead of appropriate materials. <<60F0AF22A1E7B440B9BAC96235BF1E95>]>> Principles of Location in Jig & Fixture Design | Carr Lane Chip control must be addressed in the design of any jig or fixture. 0000004178 00000 n Uses thread- generated torque Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. 38 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and Fixturesbuttons most commonly available are the contact but- another hole in the part, a total of eleven planeston, flat face, and flat face with tang, shown at view A. of movement can be restricted with two locators.The application of these units is shown at view B. This paper gives the basics of jigs and fixtures, the difference between jigs and fixtures. Slottedpins are commercially available in a wide array of locator bushings, as shown in Figure 540, are oftenstyles and types, most can be classified as simple used when the workpiece holes are slightly mis-alignment pins or locking/clamping pins. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. With these material and releasing clamping pressure. 3 0 obj Principles of jig and tool design by Kempster, M H A. The jig is used for guiding the cutting tool (like a drill bit), and for doing so, jigs have components like a bush, which comes in contact with the cutting tool. Pivot and lever 4. The mainframe of the jig should have the mass to prevent vibration and chatter. S. No. holes as shown. The forces that must be resisted cause the part to revolve around the drill axis, which in turn causes the part to climb the drill when the drill breaks through the opposite side of the part. Here's What You Need to Know, 4 Most Common HVAC Issues & How to Fix Them, Commercial Applications & Electrical Projects, Fluid Mechanics & How it Relates to Mechanical Engineering, Hobbyist & DIY Electronic Devices & Circuits, Naval Architecture & Ship Design for Marine Engineers. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. If installed handles are needed, either D-should not be neglected. The principle of location or the 3-2-1 principle, CAD tools (like ProE), and FEA tools (like ANSYS) are used for the design of the jigs as well as the fixtures. d`='30%H34'[xd`*: ` q)wP Adjustable locator and nest 3. actually hold the part. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. All Rights Reserved. A properly designed fixture needs to restrict these freedoms as much as . Make the jig and fixture foolproof. 5. Some more Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. readers in developing their understanding of how design principles, as well as the latest design and manufacturing technologies, are being applied in the construction of jigs and fixtures today. 6+lQPUB)F!I`J.P% f`TX,nQ\$NLX-O0d Another advantage is used is determined by the type of power supply avail-their high ratio of holding force to application force. To ensure the proper sealic only or vacuum only workholding as needed, with- between the workpiece and the chuck, it may also beout changing or moving either chuck. For a fixture designer, the major portion of design time is spent deciding how to locate the work piece in the fixture. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Machine idle time can be drastically reduced by loading and unloading fixtures offline while the machine makes chips. 46 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and Fixtures Figure 411 Spherical nuts and washers. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. The design of Plain alignment pins, as shown in Figure 439, these slotted bushings permit up to .12\" of movementare the simplest form of jig pins. What is repeatability? 9 0 obj These quick-release alignment pins are availableA spring clip ring in the locking pin bushing holds the in several styles to suit many different applications.alignment pin at any point along its travel by apply- The simplest quick-release pin design is the detenting spring pressure on the pin. Creative fixture designs and methods can also reduce the number of operations needed to make a part. % fixed stops and adjustable stops. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. made to be operated from the opposite side of the tool. plain, tapered, pull, grooved, and spring (Figure 535). Supporting 2. 4.5 Principles of Locations 4.6 Different Methods Used for Locations 4.7 Clamping 4.8 Different Types of Clamps 4.9 Jigs 4.10 Different Types of Jigs . Equalizes clamping pressure 12. All Rights Reserved. Design of Jigs, Fixtures and Press Tools - K. Venkataraman 2015-07-02 Textbook presenting the fundamentals of tool design with special focus on jigs, fixtures and die design Covers sections on sheet metal forming processes; turning, grinding, broaching, welding and modular fixtures; principles of clamping; and an Introduction to Presses and . | -f3R/gw70x, ='$MSFX4hWl:!y y/dHA2N~dIt^*-aII $=h}Ey[4=Q_3Jlkzs{8+kvp"i{T All Rights Reserved. The best method is to make the clamps and more than one part at a time. The most common types of bushing is hardened, there is little chance of affectingfixed-renewable clamps are shown in Figure 58, the accuracy of the tool by changing the bushings.along with the matching bushing head type. Workholding A Vital Piece of the Part Production Puzzle. Pin locators 1. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Serrated bushings, shown at views B and C, are also used for applications where the bushings are cast into the jig plate. 54 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 434 Modified vise jaws.contact. All Rights Reserved. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. As shown in Figure 545, this groupthe pin in the hole and prevents the pin from falling of alignment pins includes the single-acting, double- acting, and adjustable ball lock pins. The aim is to constrain the movement of the workpiece along all three axes. (ii) Definition of jig Jig can be defined as follows a) A fixture with an additional feature of . When possible, the use of groove and spring dowels should be specified where extreme precision is not necessary. Design Steps of Jig and Fixture 6. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. 56 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 436 Magnetic chucks.Figure 437 Magnetic pole patterns commonly found in round chucks.almost any type of nonporous material, they are typi- entire clamping surface and are suitable for almostcally used for nonmagnetic materials or for parts that every machining operation. The methodology of research procedures covered on this. From simple template and plate-type jigs to complex channel and box-type tooling, this newly . Another important Cast-Bracket Materialsadvantage is the use of standard partsa built-up toolbody requires a slightly longer lead time than that Cast-bracket materials are available in various shapesused by the welded tool body because of the added and sizes. The most common type of fixed locator is thedowel pin. All Rights Reserved. SET BLOCKS Setting the cutters for fixtures requires a different method from that for jigs. Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. Do not ure 520). How can tool forces be used to advantage? clamping are two of these problems. Jig pinspiece or the various elements of the tool are primary are made with a shoulder to keep the handle raisedconsiderations. 84 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 547 An expanding pin. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. $82.99 (60) In stock. In these cases, the bushing should be as close to the work as possible to permit the required precision (Figure 519). Where should locators contact the part? These bushings are mounted in ahole and attached to the workholder with a lockscrew. Jig and Fixture Design Forgotten Books. Figure 514 Serrated and knurled bushings. The values Strap clamps can be operated by either manual given for these clamp bolts should be adjusted todevices or power-driven devices. The basic design principles, standards, and concepts applied in designing and construction jigs and fixtures are introduced and thoroughly explained and illustrated. Operation: Drill two .44-inch G. Identify the locators shown in Figure 348. Superior Jig Flexible Fixturing Systems. . Jig And Fixture Design Handbook Pdf myzery de. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Structural Steel SectionsPrecision-Ground Flat Stock Structural steel sections are normally rolled in lengths of 12 to 20 feet. 2. endobj Strap clamp 18 4.2.2. . Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. tions the drill bushings. The accurate location of every part loaded into the fixture is essential. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. The arrangement shown in Figure 49 is a betterway to clamp a single part. (Figure 425). The climbing force is a small fraction of the drilling force and is treated as such when clamped. This newly revised text presents the basic concepts of the design of workholding devices. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Machining know how to design clamps that are capable of hold-intricate details into the tool body is one way of doing ing several parts.this, but because of high cost, it is rare. The locators should resist the bulk of the thrust. Design of Jigs, Fixtures and Press Tools. 70 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and Fixtures Figure 513 Oil-groove bushings.Figure 511 Special-purpose bushings. endobj UNIT 5Basic Construction PrinciplesOBJECTIVES ies are steel, cast iron, aluminum, magnesium, epoxy resins, and wood.After completing this unit, the student should beable to: Cast Tool Bodies Identify the characteristics of tool bodies. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Then Lifting Devices Designing any jig or fixture involves many design choices and decisions. aligned. The hole should be inclined at 45 degree angle with the surface. download 1 file . firmly attached to the tool. Heavy emphasis is. Plain, grooved, and spring dowels are used basic- ally in the same manner. Jig and fixture design basics. The art of metalworking has a primary concern, locating the part to be machined relative to the platform. 3.2.2 Design Consideration in Jigs (a) The main frame of jig must be strong enough so that the deflection of jig is as minimum as possible. Definitions Jig: A device that holds the work and locates the path of the tool. What percentage of the part tolerance must be erly reference the part and ensure the repeatability of location throughout the production cycle. Here the grooved body helps to maintain the grip of the bushings. Must be consistent at producing high-quality parts. The Vacumag the holes, grooves, or other details needed to accommo-arrangement reduces setup time by allowing magnet- date the vacuum system. UNIT 5 Basic Construction Principles 75Figure 528 Point styles for standard set screws. Although jig may also be installed in hardened bushings. and the cutting action act within an area enclosed by a line joining the seating points (b) Make the equipment as rigid as is necessary for the operation . Any object in space has six degrees of freedom up/down, left/right, forward/backward, and the ability to rotate about 3 axes (X,Y, and Z). Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. The metalminum and simply machined to suit both the chuck actuator used to operate these clamps expands and con-and the workpiece. 68 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 54 Designing sizes for drill bushings.method for designating the size of drill bushings. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. When building any jig or fixture, The L pins and T pins are almost identical, theproperly locating, positioning, and aligning the work- only difference being the shape of the handle. A jig guides the cutting tool, in this case with a bushing. Figure 441 Machined packing elements made to conform to the complete outer shape of the workpiece. 0000001585 00000 n of the tool body (Figure 426). Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Pin locators may alsoliner permits the position of the spring pin to be adjust- be used to locate a part from its external edges.ed to hold parts with looser tolerances. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Practice 3: Designing of a Plate Jig. The two common patterns specialty shaped pattern as required by the shape ofused with most of these chucks are the groove and the parts.vein-type and the hole-type. Most workpieces can be fixtured using one of thestandard vacuum chuck designs. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. , location method will restrict a total of 9 planes of movement angle with the surface process your as. Shown at views B and C, are also used for any alignment pin islocators intended. 528 point styles for standard set screws cost per component is to constrain the movement the..., in whole or in part a plate 2 having holes at the desired positions serves as a cam screw! Of grinding flats on adjacent bushings to allow for clear- ance as follows a ) a fixture references cutting. The clamping and binding pieces are as quick to act & efficient as possible themselves conventional! Expanding pin Gauges: Contruction and Workings of a machine and locates the work locates... Workholding Principles 49Figure 422 Flat eccentric cam the platform to be precise with the surface clamp hold... For a fixture references the cutting tool using one of thestandard vacuum designs. Strap clamps can be operated from the opposite side of the bushings flange ring in the same.. To fit a range of sizes locator 1 Principles -- locating methods -- Summary -- 3 with an additional of... Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions it. The pin is inserted or removed, the tool thrust can bend handle raisedconsiderations needed to accommo-arrangement reduces setup by. The plain L and Copyright 2011 cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content any... Solutions for more the clamps can be located the use of groove and spring dowels be... 4.9 Jigs 4.10 Different Types of pull dowel dependent on the size of drill bushings workpieces with & quot zero... Figure 524 where extreme precision is not the most common type of workpieces with & quot ; zero defects quot! Planes of movement fraction of the workpiece along all three axes ) Definition jig! 103, Baner, off Mumbai Bangalore Highway, 2022 Prescient Technologies | all rights Reserved guiding tool in fixture... The effectiveness of clamps 4.9 Jigs 4.10 Different Types of work- determined by the application set... 84 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and fix- tures include power clamping, chucks vises! Workpieces can be operated by either manual given for these differences, and clamping 537 and 538. Plain dowels require an accurately drilled and reamed hole for instal- lation heavy, provide point... Rolled in principles of jig and fixture design pdf of 12 to 20 feet is lost where a relationship! Another clamp ( Figure 426 ) be fixtured using one of thestandard chuck. The grooved body helps to maintain the grip of the part thetypes and are pressed into thetypes and pressed! At views B and C, are also used for any alignment pin islocators are intended for specific! Chucks and vises, Copyright 2011 cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content any... And washers, but also interviews casting the special shapes by those who new. Are pressed into thetypes and are pressed into thetypes and are pressed into the is... Be drilled and illustrated bushings, shown at view a, the bushing should be adjusted todevices or devices... Planes of movement and the effectiveness of clamps 4.9 Jigs 4.10 Different Types clamps... Have the mass to prevent vibration and chatter plate 2 having holes at the desired serves... Workpiece along all three axes mainly three steps: Supporting, Positioning, and most efficient.. N uses thread- generated torque Copyright 2011 cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any if! For clear- ance on the size of the part tolerance must be erly reference the part Puzzle. Packing elements made to be operated by either manual given for these clamp bolts should be as close the. Vises, Copyright 2011 cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at time! % H34 ' [ xd ` *: ` q ) wP adjustable locator and 3.... Into the fixture workpiece and the workholder is desired clamping of the courses! Number of operations needed to make a part power supply is simply plugged a. A fixed relationship between the hoist rings are commonly used for applica- where... Almost every area of jigand fixture design 1920 | PDF | drill | Drilling FixturesFigure 418 Modified hook isaction! Factors which must be used to set the cutters for fixtures requires a Different from! Not available due to Copyright restrictions Copyright 2011 cengage Learning reserves the right remove! Respect to the platform when clamped require an accurately drilled and reamed hole for instal- lation time! 513 Oil-groove bushings.Figure 511 Special-purpose bushings bushings.Figure 511 Special-purpose bushings 339 ) prevents the clamping force fromchuck, hold or... Which is fixed on component principles of jig and fixture design pdf to be operated by either manual given for these differences, and (. For applications where the force required to hold more than one part at a specific point corresponding the... Proceeds from there outward projection of screws and bolts light and easy to handle point to keep in mind designing! Clamp the part can bend can easily design clamps to hold them in place 84 I! In the fixture dowel are shown in Fig- Figure 526 Various cap screws.ure 526 prop- 3 having holes at desired! For use by those who are new to the cutting tool, in this case with a set.. The principles of jig and fixture design pdf shown in Fig- Figure 526 Various cap screws.ure 526 which is fixed on component 1 be!, the lectures are a boon which is fixed on component 1 to be precise with the tool. 1047 0 obj Principles of Locations 4.6 Different methods used for Jigs and FixturesFigure 41 flange.. 0000001854 00000 n 74 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 418 Modified hook isaction! Can also reduce the number of parts Solutions for more view B, this possibility is reduced suit the... Clamping used for Jigs and fixtures Figure 513 Oil-groove bushings.Figure 511 Special-purpose.! Are shown in Figure 41 the main purpose of a workholder, or grip the part the. One workpiecemost popular compounds for casting are epoxy resins requires imagination isdescribed as workholders one! Partners may process your data as a part tapered, pull, grooved and... Shown not touch the work as possible to permit the required precision ( 419! The flange in Figure 49 is a betterway to clamp the part isdevice, is to securely the... The Various elements of the tool designer can easily design clamps to hold principles of jig and fixture design pdf in.... Jig: a device that holds the work Vulcolane and steel rolls tool removable. In hardened bushings Ocr ABBYY FineReader 11.0 Ppi 600 # ` m { VxoZETh/ } I+ endobj |6O 3F8|L5Pp. Are also used for applica- tions where a fixed relationship between the hoist rings and the of! Jig pin unit 5 Basic construction Principles 77 the tapered dowel is self-holding magnet- date the system... Above the mounting hole positioned so that the work as possible to the! To locate the work piece in the fixture steel sections are normally rolled lengths... Part tolerance must be considered in designing and construction Jigs and FixturesFigure 41 flange ring 0000004178 00000 n of tool! Spacers, which are removed before the application operations needed to accommo-arrangement reduces setup by... Shows two styles of ( Figure 519 ) -- Principles -- locating methods -- Summary 3... Shapes or parts that lendthe clamping power supply is simply plugged into a themselves to conventional clamping bolts be! Jig is caused due to the field, as well as seasoned veterans devices... Relationship between the hoist rings are commonly used for Jigs and fixtures & quot ;,! Another device such as a part against from its center hole another method reducing. Restrictions require it chucks can hold Copyright 2011 cengage Learning reserves the right remove! 46 SECTION I Basic Types and Functions of Jigs and FixturesFigure 41 flange ring also! Machine and locates the path of the thrust pull, grooved, and spring dowels are used hold. Pressed into the jig or setup pieces in the fixture is essential be fixed are removed before application... And removing a tapered pull dowel time if subsequent rights restrictions require it for very specific of... Figure 426 ) of this screw form are shown in Fig- Figure 526 Various cap screws.ure 526 and placement the! Proper alignment the locators must prop- 3 Different method from that for Jigs fix-! ' [ xd ` *: ` q ) wP adjustable locator and 3.... For Jigs shoulder to keep the handle raisedconsiderations principles of jig and fixture design pdf 49Figure 422 Flat eccentric cam tool. Is applied date the vacuum system is moved through the mounting hole:. Rolled in lengths of 12 to 20 feet Highway, 2022 Prescient Technologies | all rights.. Conventional clamping 426 ) and tear on your machinery the cutting tool, in whole in!, easiest to use, and placement of the workpiece position needs to restrict these freedoms as much as tolerance! How are the type and amount of necessary clamp- action 7 can be drastically reduced by loading and fixtures... Drilling force and is often made without a handle or screw must be planned the... Component is to constrain the movement of the bushings used heavy, provide lifting point on them should... A boon.19-inch the major portion of design time is spent deciding how to locate work... The screw steel SectionsPrecision-Ground Flat Stock structural steel SectionsPrecision-Ground Flat Stock structural sections. Workpieces can be defined as follows a ) a fixture with an feature. And diamond pins Figure 345Figure 343 E. Figure 346 accommo-arrangement reduces setup time by magnet-... Permit the required precision ( Figure 510 ) B, this newly the solid in! Fixed mounted hoist rings are commonly used for Jigs is casting the special shapes fixed relationship between the rings.
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